中国南方下二叠统李家滩铝土矿床稀土元素的热液富集

IF 3.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Kunyue Ling , Yongzhen Long , Suxiong Guo , Yanwen Tang , Zhihui Dai , Hanjie Wen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

铝土矿是铝的重要来源,同时也蕴藏着多种重要金属,包括稀土元素(REE)。然而,铝土矿床的母岩中 REE 含量通常较低,导致 REE 来源和富集机制的不确定性。在本研究中,我们报告了中国南方湖南省西部泸溪县李家田铝土矿中较高的 REE(2095 ppm;Ce = 1340 ppm)含量。李家田铝土矿是湖南省最大的铝土矿,铝资源总量超过 7 × 106 吨。下二叠统凉山地层(约 275Ma)中的含矿地层由 3-5 米厚的铝土矿层(铝土矿/粘土)和下伏 4-8 米厚的铁矿层(铁矿/富铁粘土)组成。铝土矿中的高 REE 含量可归因于广泛存在的贝斯特奈斯特岩。钠长石通常与自生绿泥石共存,绿泥石形成于 221-285 °C的高温,表明其来源于热液。对菱锰矿进行铀-铅测年得出的年龄为 141.4 ± 7.0 Ma,表明早白垩世发生了热液覆盖,导致铝土矿中的 REEs 富集。寒武纪牛蹄塘地层黑色页岩中 REEs、Ba 和 P 的高含量表明,它是姥石以及共生重晶石和磷灰石中这些元素的潜在来源。与华南燕山晚期(155-123 Ma)伸展构造事件有关的深层热液(富含 HF、CO2 和 H2S)沿断裂上升。上升流体与黑色页岩相互作用,提取出了 REEs、Ba 和 P。然后,流体向铝土矿层迁移,经过冷却和减压,析出了姥钠石、重晶石、磷灰石和绿泥石。我们认为,热液事件导致了湖南省铝土矿中 REEs 的富集。考虑到全球铝土矿母岩中稀缺的REEs,热液活动很可能在铝土矿中富集REEs的过程中起到了关键作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Hydrothermal enrichment of rare earth elements in the Lower Permian Lijiatian bauxite deposit, southern China

Hydrothermal enrichment of rare earth elements in the Lower Permian Lijiatian bauxite deposit, southern China

Bauxite deposits are an important source of Al and also host a variety of critical metals, including rare earth elements (REEs). However, the parent rocks of bauxite deposits generally have low REE contents, leading to uncertainty over the REE sources and enrichment mechanisms. In this study, we report high REE (2095 ppm; Ce = 1340 ppm) contents in the Lijiatian bauxite deposit in Luxi County, western Hunan Province, South China. The Lijiatian bauxite deposit is the largest deposit in Hunan Province, with a total Al resources exceeding 7 × 106 tons. The ore-bearing strata in the lower Permian Liangshan Formation (ca. 275 Ma) are comprised a 3–5-m-thick bauxite layer (bauxite ore/clay) and an underlying 4–8-m-thick Fe layer (Fe ore/Fe-rich clay). The high REE contents in the bauxites can be attributed to the widespread presence of bastnäsite. The bastnäsite commonly coexists with authigenic chlorite, which formed at temperatures of 221–285 °C, indicative of a hydrothermal origin. Uranium–Pb dating of the bastnäsite yielded an age of 141.4 ± 7.0 Ma, indicating a hydrothermal overprint occurred during the Early Cretaceous, which resulted in the enrichment of REEs in the bauxites. The high contents of REEs, Ba, and P in the Cambrian Niutitang Formation black shales indicate it was a potential source of these elements for bastnäsite and coexisting barite and apatite. The deep-seated hydrothermal fluids (enriched in HF, CO2, and H2S) associated with the late Yanshanian extensional tectonic event in South China (155–123 Ma) ascended along fractures. The ascending fluids interacted with the black shales, extracting REEs, Ba, and P. When the fluids reached a certain depth, they mixed with the infiltrating basinal waters to form a mineralising fluid. The fluid then migrated towards the bauxite layers, underwent cooling and depressurisation, and precipitated bastnäsite, barite, apatite, and chlorite. We propose that a hydrothermal event led to the enrichment of REEs in the bauxites in Hunan Province. Considering the scarcity of REEs in the parent rocks of bauxites worldwide, hydrothermal activity likely has a key role in REE enrichment in bauxites.

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来源期刊
Journal of Geochemical Exploration
Journal of Geochemical Exploration 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
7.70%
发文量
148
审稿时长
8.1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Geochemical Exploration is mostly dedicated to publication of original studies in exploration and environmental geochemistry and related topics. Contributions considered of prevalent interest for the journal include researches based on the application of innovative methods to: define the genesis and the evolution of mineral deposits including transfer of elements in large-scale mineralized areas. analyze complex systems at the boundaries between bio-geochemistry, metal transport and mineral accumulation. evaluate effects of historical mining activities on the surface environment. trace pollutant sources and define their fate and transport models in the near-surface and surface environments involving solid, fluid and aerial matrices. assess and quantify natural and technogenic radioactivity in the environment. determine geochemical anomalies and set baseline reference values using compositional data analysis, multivariate statistics and geo-spatial analysis. assess the impacts of anthropogenic contamination on ecosystems and human health at local and regional scale to prioritize and classify risks through deterministic and stochastic approaches. Papers dedicated to the presentation of newly developed methods in analytical geochemistry to be applied in the field or in laboratory are also within the topics of interest for the journal.
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