Psychometric validation of the Montgomery-åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Youth (MADRS-Y) in a clinical sample.

Background: Depression in adolescence is a serious major global health problem with increasing rates of prevalence. Measures of depression that are valid for young people are clearly needed in clinical contexts.

Methods: The study included 577 patients from child and adolescent psychiatry (n = 471) and primary care (n = 106) aged 12-22 years in Sweden (M_age=16.7 years; 76% female). The reliability and validity for Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Youth (MADRS-Y) were investigated. To confirm the latent structure, we used a single-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to test total score differences between diagnostic groups. Using Spearman's rho correlations, we examine whether single items in the MADRS-Y correlate with suicidal ideation measured by The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-JR (SIQ-JR).

Results: The internal consistency using McDonald's coefficient omega was excellent. The CFA of the 12-item MADRS-Y supported a one factor structure. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was shown. There was a significant difference in MADRS-Y scores across diagnostic groups, with higher results for depressive disorders. A strong correlation with suicidal ideation was found for two items.

Conclusions: The results support MADRS-Y as a brief, reliable, and valid self-report questionnaire of depressive symptoms for young patients in a clinical setting.