迟钝学习者(边缘智力)的治疗、教育和预后。

IF 0.8 Q4 PSYCHIATRY
So Hee Lee
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:边缘智力一直被排除在正规诊断系统之外,也未被纳入残疾诊断中,因此尽管存在各种功能障碍,但在治疗、教育和社会福利方面仍存在差距。因此,我们旨在通过回顾有关边缘智力的发展、教育和治疗的研究,阐明提高边缘智力患者的智力和功能的方法:最终文献综述纳入了符合纳入和排除标准的十项研究,并根据详细主题(参与者特征、设计和结果)进行了分析:边缘智力与多种并发症有关,如焦虑症、抑郁症、注意力缺陷/多动障碍和成瘾性疾病,这些都会对其病程和预后产生负面影响。由于终生存在认知障碍,边缘智力患者往往在学业、就业、人际关系和健康方面面临挑战。要治疗边缘智力,就必须解决忽视和虐待等环境因素,并治疗合并的精神障碍,这对预后至关重要。有人提出了针对认知特征的治疗方案,有研究报告称,药物治疗、工作记忆训练和强化康复训练都很有效。因此,有必要在儿童大脑发育期进行早期干预。父母缺乏教育等风险因素及其对治疗效果的影响也有报道:结论:需要对与边缘智力有关的教育、治疗和预后进行广泛研究。对边缘智力儿童进行积极干预,对改善他们的功能和生活质量至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Treatment, Education, and Prognosis of Slow Learners (Borderline Intelligence).

Objectives: Borderline intelligence has been excluded from formal diagnostic systems and not included in disability diagnoses, leaving gaps in treatment, education, and social welfare despite various functional impairments. Therefore, we aimed to shed light on ways to enhance the intelligence and functioning of individuals with borderline intelligence by reviewing research on its progression, education, and treatment.

Methods: Ten studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the final literature review and analyzed according to detailed topics (participant characteristics, design, and results).

Results: Borderline intelligence is associated with various comorbid conditions, such as anxiety, depression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and addictive disorders, which negatively impact its course and prognosis. Individuals with borderline intelligence often face challenges in academics, employment, interpersonal relationships, and health owing to lifelong cognitive impairments. The treatment of borderline intelligence necessitates addressing environmental factors, such as neglect and abuse, as well as treating comorbid mental disorders, which are crucial for prognosis. Tailoring treatment programs for cognitive profile characteristics have been proposed, and studies have reported the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy, working memory training, and intensive rehabilitation training. Therefore, early intervention during childhood brain development is necessary. Risk factors, such as lack of parental education, and their impact on treatment outcomes have also been reported.

Conclusion: Extensive research is needed on education, treatment, and prognosis related to borderline intelligence. Active intervention for children with borderline intelligence is essential to improve their functioning and quality of life.

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CiteScore
2.90
自引率
5.00%
发文量
20
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