Takashi Yamashita, Ulas Kaplan, Adri Chakraborty, Grace Marden, Sami Gritli, Daniel Roh, Andreea Bujor, Marcin Trojanowski, Giovanni Ligresti, Jeffrey L. Browning, Maria Trojanowska
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Transcriptional analysis of ERG or FLI-1–silenced human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) was performed using microarrays. Effects of ERG and FLI-1 deficiency on in vitro tubulogenesis in human dermal LECs were examined using a Matrigel assay. ERG and FLI-1 endothelial–specific knockouts and ERG lymphatic–specific knockouts were generated to examine vessel regeneration in mice.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>ERG and FLI-1 protein levels were reduced in the blood and lymphatic vasculature in SSc skin biopsy samples. ERG levels were shown to regulate genes involved in lymphatic vessel specification, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3/FLT-4, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1, SOX-18, and prospero homeobox 1 (PROX-1), whereas FLI-1 enhanced the function of ERG. The ERG–FLT-4 pathway regulated in vitro tubulogenesis in human LECs. Deficiency of ERG or FLI-1 similarly impaired the function of blood vessels in mice. However, only ERG deficiency affected the regeneration of lymphatic vessels during wound healing.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>ERG and FLI-1 are essential regulators of blood and lymphatic vessel regeneration. Deficiency of ERG and FLI-1 in SSc endothelial cells may contribute to the impairment of blood and lymphatic vasculature in patients with SSc.</p>\n \n <div>\n <figure>\n <div><picture>\n <source></source></picture><p></p>\n </div>\n </figure>\n </div>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":129,"journal":{"name":"Arthritis & Rheumatology","volume":"76 11","pages":"1645-1657"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"ERG Regulates Lymphatic Vessel Specification Genes and Its Deficiency Impairs Wound Healing-Associated Lymphangiogenesis\",\"authors\":\"Takashi Yamashita, Ulas Kaplan, Adri Chakraborty, Grace Marden, Sami Gritli, Daniel Roh, Andreea Bujor, Marcin Trojanowski, Giovanni Ligresti, Jeffrey L. 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Effects of ERG and FLI-1 deficiency on in vitro tubulogenesis in human dermal LECs were examined using a Matrigel assay. ERG and FLI-1 endothelial–specific knockouts and ERG lymphatic–specific knockouts were generated to examine vessel regeneration in mice.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>ERG and FLI-1 protein levels were reduced in the blood and lymphatic vasculature in SSc skin biopsy samples. ERG levels were shown to regulate genes involved in lymphatic vessel specification, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3/FLT-4, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1, SOX-18, and prospero homeobox 1 (PROX-1), whereas FLI-1 enhanced the function of ERG. The ERG–FLT-4 pathway regulated in vitro tubulogenesis in human LECs. Deficiency of ERG or FLI-1 similarly impaired the function of blood vessels in mice. 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ERG Regulates Lymphatic Vessel Specification Genes and Its Deficiency Impairs Wound Healing-Associated Lymphangiogenesis
Objective
Rarefaction of blood and lymphatic vessels in the skin has been reported in systemic sclerosis (SSc) (scleroderma). E26 transformation–specific–related factor (ERG) and Friend leukemia virus–induced erythroleukemia 1 (FLI-1) are important regulators of angiogenesis, but their role in lymphatic vasculature is lesser known. The goal of this study was to determine the role of ERG and FLI-1 in postnatal lymphangiogenesis and SSc lymphatic system defects.
Methods
Immunofluorescence was used to detect ERG and FLI-1 in skin biopsy samples from patients with SSc and healthy controls. Transcriptional analysis of ERG or FLI-1–silenced human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) was performed using microarrays. Effects of ERG and FLI-1 deficiency on in vitro tubulogenesis in human dermal LECs were examined using a Matrigel assay. ERG and FLI-1 endothelial–specific knockouts and ERG lymphatic–specific knockouts were generated to examine vessel regeneration in mice.
Results
ERG and FLI-1 protein levels were reduced in the blood and lymphatic vasculature in SSc skin biopsy samples. ERG levels were shown to regulate genes involved in lymphatic vessel specification, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3/FLT-4, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1, SOX-18, and prospero homeobox 1 (PROX-1), whereas FLI-1 enhanced the function of ERG. The ERG–FLT-4 pathway regulated in vitro tubulogenesis in human LECs. Deficiency of ERG or FLI-1 similarly impaired the function of blood vessels in mice. However, only ERG deficiency affected the regeneration of lymphatic vessels during wound healing.
Conclusion
ERG and FLI-1 are essential regulators of blood and lymphatic vessel regeneration. Deficiency of ERG and FLI-1 in SSc endothelial cells may contribute to the impairment of blood and lymphatic vasculature in patients with SSc.
期刊介绍：
Arthritis & Rheumatology is the official journal of the American College of Rheumatology and focuses on the natural history, pathophysiology, treatment, and outcome of rheumatic diseases. It is a peer-reviewed publication that aims to provide the highest quality basic and clinical research in this field. The journal covers a wide range of investigative areas and also includes review articles, editorials, and educational material for researchers and clinicians. Being recognized as a leading research journal in rheumatology, Arthritis & Rheumatology serves the global community of rheumatology investigators and clinicians.
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