Analyzing the interconnected dynamics of domestic biofuel burning in India: unravelling VOC emissions, surface-ozone formation, diagnostic ratios, and source identification

Burning biomass fuels in Indian households is a common and cost-efficient way to generate energy for various domestic tasks. However, this practice is a significant source of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) released into the atmosphere, impacting local and global air quality. The substantial quantities of NMVOCs produced from burning biofuels at home can have adverse effects on climate and human health worldwide. This review focuses on exploring the processes involved in domestic biofuel combustion, detailing different stages of burning, and discussing the tools and techniques required to measure NMVOC emissions accurately. It also aims to identify potential emission sources through methods such as diagnostic ratios and PCA analysis. By striving to reduce NMVOC emissions from household biofuel burning, the goal is to provide a basis for informing policymakers in developing effective regulations and policies to address this environmental issue.