153 Performance testing of cordless handheld vacuum cleaners

The cordless handheld vacuum cleaners market is expanding rapidly and is expected to reach $10 billion by 2027, raising concerns about indoor air quality. Despite growing demand, there is limited research into the aerosol emissions from these devices and their impact on respiratory health, which is a current concern for everyone. Our study aimed to investigate particulate matter (PM) emissions from these vacuum cleaners and identify the key factors contributing to such emissions. Two custom-built devices were designed to quantify upstream and downstream PM concentrations and suction pressure with and without filter cartridge and motor exhaust. We tested six popular cordless vacuum cleaner models under different conditions and found that filter cartridge sealing, motor design, and dust load can affect PM emissions. In contrast to previous research, brushless motors (manufacturer claims) do not necessarily emit fewer particles than brushed motors. We also found that some filter cartridges are not airtight and will cause PM concentration to rise significantly, especially under heavy load conditions. While leaking cartridges result in higher suction and clean air delivery rates, we still recommend regulating airtight filter cartridges due to elevated PM emissions. Our findings also suggest the need for regulations controlling motor assembly and design standards, not just motor type. For immediate mitigation, users should ventilate areas and use respiratory protection. Our work is a foundation for understanding the health risks of vacuum cleaner aerosol emissions and informs consumer choices and potential regulatory measures.