用于边缘推理的低精度混合计算模型

IF 2.8 2区 工程技术 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE
Seyedarmin Azizi;Mahdi Nazemi;Mehdi Kamal;Massoud Pedram
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文介绍了一种用于边缘应用的混合计算神经网络处理方法,该方法结合了低精度(低宽度)Posit 和低精度定点(FixP)数字系统。这种混合计算方法使用 4 位 Posit (Posit4)(0 附近精度较高)来表示具有高灵敏度的权重,而使用 4 位 FixP (FixP4) 来表示其他权重。本文提出了一种分析权重重要性和量化误差的启发式方法,以便为不同权重分配合适的数字系统。此外,还引入了用于 Posit 表示的梯度近似方法,以提高反向传播过程中权重更新的质量。由于完全基于 Posit 的计算能耗较高,因此神经网络操作是在 FixP 或 Posit/FixP 中进行的。本文介绍了一种 MAC 运算的高效硬件实现方法,其第一操作数为 Posit,第二操作数和累加器为 FixP。在视觉和语言模型上广泛评估了所提出的低精度混合计算方法的功效。结果表明,平均而言,混合运算的精确度比 FixP 高出约 1.5%,而能量开销仅为 0.19%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Low-Precision Mixed-Computation Models for Inference on Edge
This article presents a mixed-computation neural network processing approach for edge applications that incorporates low-precision (low-width) Posit and low-precision fixed point (FixP) number systems. This mixed-computation approach uses 4-bit Posit (Posit4), which has higher precision around 0, for representing weights with high sensitivity, while it uses 4-bit FixP (FixP4) for representing other weights. A heuristic for analyzing the importance and the quantization error of the weights is presented to assign the proper number system to different weights. In addition, a gradient approximation for Posit representation is introduced to improve the quality of weight updates in the backpropagation process. Due to the high energy consumption of the fully Posit-based computations, neural network operations are carried out in FixP or Posit/FixP. An efficient hardware implementation of an MAC operation with a first Posit operand and FixP for a second operand and accumulator is presented. The efficacy of the proposed low-precision mixed-computation approach is extensively assessed on vision and language models. The results show that on average, the accuracy of the mixed-computation is about 1.5% higher than that of FixP with a cost of 0.19% energy overhead.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
187
审稿时长
3.6 months
期刊介绍: The IEEE Transactions on VLSI Systems is published as a monthly journal under the co-sponsorship of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society, the IEEE Computer Society, and the IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society. Design and realization of microelectronic systems using VLSI/ULSI technologies require close collaboration among scientists and engineers in the fields of systems architecture, logic and circuit design, chips and wafer fabrication, packaging, testing and systems applications. Generation of specifications, design and verification must be performed at all abstraction levels, including the system, register-transfer, logic, circuit, transistor and process levels. To address this critical area through a common forum, the IEEE Transactions on VLSI Systems have been founded. The editorial board, consisting of international experts, invites original papers which emphasize and merit the novel systems integration aspects of microelectronic systems including interactions among systems design and partitioning, logic and memory design, digital and analog circuit design, layout synthesis, CAD tools, chips and wafer fabrication, testing and packaging, and systems level qualification. Thus, the coverage of these Transactions will focus on VLSI/ULSI microelectronic systems integration.
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