{"title":"产前和产后接触可卡因会增强大鼠的焦虑和抑郁行为：个体发育研究","authors":"Susana Barbosa Méndez, Alberto Salazar-Juárez","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10358","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Prenatal and postnatal exposure to drugs such as cocaine is a public health problem that causes deficits in brain development and function in humans and animals. One of the main effects of prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure is increased vulnerability to developing the substance use disorder at an early age. Furthermore, the negative emotional states associated with cocaine withdrawal increase the fragility of patients to relapse into drug abuse. In this sense, prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure enhanced the cocaine- and nicotine-induced locomotor activity and locomotor sensitization, and rats exposed prenatally to cocaine displayed an increase in anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in adulthood (PND 60–70).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors at different ages (30, 60, 90, and 120 days of age) in rats.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>The study was divided into two stages: prenatal and postnatal. In the prenatal stage, a group of pregnant female Wistar rats was administered daily from GD0 to GD21 cocaine (cocaine pre-exposure group), and another group of pregnant female rats was administered daily saline (saline pre-exposure group). In the postnatal stage, during lactation (PND0 to PND21), pregnant rats received administration of cocaine or saline, respectively. Of the litters resulting from the cocaine pre-exposed and saline pre-exposed pregnant female groups, only the male rats were used for the recording of the anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors at different postnatal ages (30, 60, 90, and 120 days), representative of adolescence, adult, adulthood, and old age.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The study found that prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure generated age-dependent enhancement in anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, being greater in older adult (PND 120) rats than in adolescent (PND 30) or adults (PND 60–90) rats.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This suggests that prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure increases anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, which may increase the vulnerability of subjects to different types of drugs in young and adult age.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 6","pages":"546-557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure enhances the anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in rats: An ontogenetic study\",\"authors\":\"Susana Barbosa Méndez, Alberto Salazar-Juárez\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jdn.10358\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>Prenatal and postnatal exposure to drugs such as cocaine is a public health problem that causes deficits in brain development and function in humans and animals. One of the main effects of prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure is increased vulnerability to developing the substance use disorder at an early age. Furthermore, the negative emotional states associated with cocaine withdrawal increase the fragility of patients to relapse into drug abuse. In this sense, prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure enhanced the cocaine- and nicotine-induced locomotor activity and locomotor sensitization, and rats exposed prenatally to cocaine displayed an increase in anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in adulthood (PND 60–70).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Objective</h3>\\n \\n <p>Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors at different ages (30, 60, 90, and 120 days of age) in rats.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>The study was divided into two stages: prenatal and postnatal. In the prenatal stage, a group of pregnant female Wistar rats was administered daily from GD0 to GD21 cocaine (cocaine pre-exposure group), and another group of pregnant female rats was administered daily saline (saline pre-exposure group). In the postnatal stage, during lactation (PND0 to PND21), pregnant rats received administration of cocaine or saline, respectively. Of the litters resulting from the cocaine pre-exposed and saline pre-exposed pregnant female groups, only the male rats were used for the recording of the anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors at different postnatal ages (30, 60, 90, and 120 days), representative of adolescence, adult, adulthood, and old age.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>The study found that prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure generated age-dependent enhancement in anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, being greater in older adult (PND 120) rats than in adolescent (PND 30) or adults (PND 60–90) rats.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>This suggests that prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure increases anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, which may increase the vulnerability of subjects to different types of drugs in young and adult age.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":13914,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience\",\"volume\":\"84 6\",\"pages\":\"546-557\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jdn.10358\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jdn.10358","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure enhances the anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in rats: An ontogenetic study
Background
Prenatal and postnatal exposure to drugs such as cocaine is a public health problem that causes deficits in brain development and function in humans and animals. One of the main effects of prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure is increased vulnerability to developing the substance use disorder at an early age. Furthermore, the negative emotional states associated with cocaine withdrawal increase the fragility of patients to relapse into drug abuse. In this sense, prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure enhanced the cocaine- and nicotine-induced locomotor activity and locomotor sensitization, and rats exposed prenatally to cocaine displayed an increase in anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in adulthood (PND 60–70).
Objective
Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors at different ages (30, 60, 90, and 120 days of age) in rats.
Methods
The study was divided into two stages: prenatal and postnatal. In the prenatal stage, a group of pregnant female Wistar rats was administered daily from GD0 to GD21 cocaine (cocaine pre-exposure group), and another group of pregnant female rats was administered daily saline (saline pre-exposure group). In the postnatal stage, during lactation (PND0 to PND21), pregnant rats received administration of cocaine or saline, respectively. Of the litters resulting from the cocaine pre-exposed and saline pre-exposed pregnant female groups, only the male rats were used for the recording of the anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors at different postnatal ages (30, 60, 90, and 120 days), representative of adolescence, adult, adulthood, and old age.
Results
The study found that prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure generated age-dependent enhancement in anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, being greater in older adult (PND 120) rats than in adolescent (PND 30) or adults (PND 60–90) rats.
Conclusions
This suggests that prenatal and postnatal cocaine exposure increases anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, which may increase the vulnerability of subjects to different types of drugs in young and adult age.
期刊介绍：
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience publishes original research articles and critical review papers on all fundamental and clinical aspects of nervous system development, renewal and regeneration, as well as on the effects of genetic and environmental perturbations of brain development and homeostasis leading to neurodevelopmental disorders and neurological conditions. Studies describing the involvement of stem cells in nervous system maintenance and disease (including brain tumours), stem cell-based approaches for the investigation of neurodegenerative diseases, roles of neuroinflammation in development and disease, and neuroevolution are also encouraged. Investigations using molecular, cellular, physiological, genetic and epigenetic approaches in model systems ranging from simple invertebrates to human iPSC-based 2D and 3D models are encouraged, as are studies using experimental models that provide behavioural or evolutionary insights. The journal also publishes Special Issues dealing with topics at the cutting edge of research edited by Guest Editors appointed by the Editor in Chief. A major aim of the journal is to facilitate the transfer of fundamental studies of nervous system development, maintenance, and disease to clinical applications. The journal thus intends to disseminate valuable information for both biologists and physicians. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience is owned and supported by The International Society for Developmental Neuroscience (ISDN), an organization of scientists interested in advancing developmental neuroscience research in the broadest sense.
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