Ming-Cai Pan, Jun-Qiang Xu, Yong Peng, Ning-Ning Liang, Si Lan, Qi Zhou, Ke-Hong Wang
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The AT phase compositions and orientations were similar to those of AF. The SA 316L SS layer resembled that of AF, but the SA 18Ni300 MS layers exhibited a reduced austenite phase fraction and refined grain size, attributable to solid-state transformation. In the AT sample, aging induced the formation of nanoscale acicular ω phase and ellipsoidal Ni<sub>3</sub>Ti, Fe<sub>2</sub>Mo, and X precipitates in the 18Ni300 MS layers. Conversely, the SA precipitates contained acicular FeNi<sub>2</sub> and ellipsoidal ω, Ni<sub>3</sub>Ti, and X precipitates, and their fractions were lower than those in AT precipitates. The 18Ni300 MS layer microhardness in the heat-treated samples increased due to nanoprecipitation, but the 316L SS layer microhardness resembled that of AF. The AT and SA ultimate tensile strengths increased to (1360 ± 50) and (1473 ± 41) MPa, respectively, attributable to precipitation strengthening. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
热处理对均质材料的微观结构和机械性能有很大影响,而最佳的热处理工艺可以改善这些性能。然而,由于成分和微观结构的异质性,对异质材料进行热处理面临着巨大挑战。本文研究了一种层状异质结构合金,该合金由交替的 316L 不锈钢(SS)层和 18Ni300 马氏体时效钢(MS)层组成,使用线材和电弧增材制造技术制造。在 900 °C 下进行了 0.5 小时的固溶处理。随后,在 500 °C 下对固溶处理过的样品和原样(AF)进行了 4 小时的老化处理;这些样品分别称为 SA 和 AT。AT 相的组成和取向与 AF 相似。SA 316L SS 层与 AF 类似,但 SA 18Ni300 MS 层的奥氏体相分数降低,晶粒尺寸细化,这归因于固态转变。在 AT 样品中,老化诱导在 18Ni300 MS 层中形成纳米级针状 ω 相和椭圆形 Ni3Ti、Fe2Mo 和 X 沉淀。相反,SA沉淀中含有针状的FeNi2和椭圆形的ω、Ni3Ti和X沉淀,它们的比例低于AT沉淀。热处理样品中 18Ni300 MS 层的显微硬度因纳米析出而增加,但 316L SS 层的显微硬度与 AF 类似。由于沉淀强化作用,AT 和 SA 的极限抗拉强度分别增加到(1360 ± 50)和(1473 ± 41)兆帕。SA 316L SS 层表现出较高的应力诱导马氏体分数,增强了加热样品的延展性。
Effects of heat treatment on microstructures and properties of a heterostructured alloy with dissimilar components fabricated by WAAM
Heat treatment significantly influences homogeneous material microstructures and mechanical properties, which can be improved by an optimal heat treatment process. However, heat treatment application to heterogeneous materials presents significant challenges due to compositional and microstructural heterogeneities. Herein, a laminated heterostructured alloy comprising alternating 316L stainless steel (SS) and 18Ni300 maraging steel (MS) layers fabricated using wire and arc additive manufacturing was investigated. A solution treatment was applied at 900 °C for 0.5 h. Subsequently, the solution-treated and as-fabricated (AF) samples were aged at 500 °C for 4 h; these samples were denoted SA and AT, respectively. The AT phase compositions and orientations were similar to those of AF. The SA 316L SS layer resembled that of AF, but the SA 18Ni300 MS layers exhibited a reduced austenite phase fraction and refined grain size, attributable to solid-state transformation. In the AT sample, aging induced the formation of nanoscale acicular ω phase and ellipsoidal Ni3Ti, Fe2Mo, and X precipitates in the 18Ni300 MS layers. Conversely, the SA precipitates contained acicular FeNi2 and ellipsoidal ω, Ni3Ti, and X precipitates, and their fractions were lower than those in AT precipitates. The 18Ni300 MS layer microhardness in the heat-treated samples increased due to nanoprecipitation, but the 316L SS layer microhardness resembled that of AF. The AT and SA ultimate tensile strengths increased to (1360 ± 50) and (1473 ± 41) MPa, respectively, attributable to precipitation strengthening. The SA 316L SS layer exhibited a high stress-induced martensite fraction, enhancing the ductility of heated samples.
期刊介绍:
Rare Metals is a monthly peer-reviewed journal published by the Nonferrous Metals Society of China. It serves as a platform for engineers and scientists to communicate and disseminate original research articles in the field of rare metals. The journal focuses on a wide range of topics including metallurgy, processing, and determination of rare metals. Additionally, it showcases the application of rare metals in advanced materials such as superconductors, semiconductors, composites, and ceramics.