归化哲学不断演变的层次结构:形而上学素描

IF 0.4 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY
METAPHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1111/meta.12690
Luca Rivelli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一些学者声称,科学认识论和机器学习实际上是研究归纳法的重叠学科,分别受到休谟归纳法问题及其形式化机器学习对应理论 "无免费午餐"(NFL)定理的影响,即使是 LLM 等先进的人工智能系统也不能幸免。本文扩展了凯文-科布的观点,设想了一个学科层次结构,其中最底层是基础科学,递归地,每个层次的元科学都会归纳出哪些方法在紧接其后的低层次最有效。由于休谟的箴言和 NFL 定理,在层级上升到一定数量之后,就无法获得每门对象科学良好表现的精确元规范,而每门元学科的渐进抽象性以及随之而来的方法和对象的不可定义性,使得科学--按照科学性的最低标准来定义--在某一元层级之上就不复存在了,这使得对科学的探究有了一种仍然理性的风格,可以称之为 "哲学"。哲学层面对科学的反思,特殊地表现出一种非经验性的自我反思冲动,构成了科学哲学应有的规范性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The evolving hierarchy of naturalized philosophy: A metaphilosophical sketch

Some scholars claim that epistemology of science and machine learning are actually overlapping disciplines studying induction, respectively affected by Hume's problem of induction and its formal machine-learning counterpart, the “no-free-lunch” (NFL) theorems, to which even advanced AI systems such as LLMs are not immune. Extending Kevin Korb's view, this paper envisions a hierarchy of disciplines where the lowermost is a basic science, and, recursively, the metascience at each level inductively learns which methods work best at the immediately lower level. Due to Hume's dictum and NFL theorems, no exact metanorms for the good performance of each object science can be obtained after just a finite number of levels up the hierarchy, and the progressive abstractness of each metadiscipline and consequent ill-definability of its methods and objects makes science—as defined by a minimal standard of scientificity—cease to exist above a certain metalevel, allowing for a still rational style of inquiry into science that can be called “philosophical.” Philosophical levels, transitively reflecting on science, peculiarly manifest a non–empirically learned urge to self-reflection constituting the properly normative aspect of philosophy of science.

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来源期刊
METAPHILOSOPHY
METAPHILOSOPHY PHILOSOPHY-
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
58
期刊介绍: Metaphilosophy publishes articles and reviews books stressing considerations about philosophy and particular schools, methods, or fields of philosophy. The intended scope is very broad: no method, field, or school is excluded.
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