Preparation of highly active and stable magnetically separable Pd NPs encapsulated in mesoporous polymelamine formaldehyde Yolk-Shell nanoreactor for the Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reaction

The Yolk-Shell nanoreactors, characterized by a void region separating the core from the shell, are recognized as superior heterogeneous catalysts because of their enhanced mass transport capacity, robust stability, and remarkable catalytic performance. A hollow Yolk-Shell nanoreactor involving, CuFe₂O₄ magentic nanoparticles (MNPs) as the Yolk and mesoporous polymelamine formaldehyde (m-PMF) was prepared as the shell, together with palladium nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized on the surface of CuFe₂O₄ MNPs and encapsulated in the void space. Its structure was fully characterized using different analyses, obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ Adsorption–Desorption, transmission electron microscopies (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques. The permeable and durable m-PMF shell that encased the Pd NPs facilitated the reaction within the empty cavity. Following this, the Yolk-Shell CuFe₂O₄@Pd@HM-PMF nanoreactor, known for its hollow structure, was evaluated as a proficient catalyst in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. Additionally, it demonstrated magnetic separability and exhibited satisfactory recyclability.

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