酒精使用障碍患者的肠脑轴:临床症状、大脑形态测量和肠道微生物组之间关联的探索性研究

IF 3 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Katherine A. Maki, Gwenyth R. Wallen, Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen, Li-Yueh Hsu, Michael E. Valencia, Vijay A. Ramchandani, Melanie L. Schwandt, Nancy Diazgranados, John F. Cryan, Reza Momenan, Jennifer J. Barb
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引用次数: 0

摘要

酒精使用障碍(AUD)通常伴有令人痛苦的心理症状。与 AUD 相关的病理变化已在肠道微生物组和大脑中有所描述,但 AUD 患者的肠道-大脑信号转导机制尚不清楚。本研究考察了寻求治疗的 AUD 患者的肠道微生物组、大脑形态测量和临床症状之间的关联。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The gut-brain axis in individuals with alcohol use disorder: An exploratory study of associations among clinical symptoms, brain morphometry, and the gut microbiome

The gut-brain axis in individuals with alcohol use disorder: An exploratory study of associations among clinical symptoms, brain morphometry, and the gut microbiome

Background

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is commonly associated with distressing psychological symptoms. Pathologic changes associated with AUD have been described in both the gut microbiome and brain, but the mechanisms underlying gut-brain signaling in individuals with AUD are unknown. This study examined associations among the gut microbiome, brain morphometry, and clinical symptoms in treatment-seeking individuals with AUD.

Methods

We performed a secondary analysis of data collected during inpatient treatment for AUD in subjects who provided gut microbiome samples and had structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; n = 16). Shotgun metagenomics sequencing was performed, and the morphometry of brain regions of interest was calculated. Clinical symptom severity was quantified using validated instruments. Gut-brain modules (GBMs) used to infer neuroactive signaling potential from the gut microbiome were generated in addition to microbiome features (e.g., alpha diversity and bacterial taxa abundance). Bivariate correlations were performed between MRI and clinical features, microbiome and clinical features, and MRI and microbiome features.

Results

Amygdala volume was significantly associated with alpha diversity and the abundance of several bacteria including taxa classified to Blautia, Ruminococcus, Bacteroides, and Phocaeicola. There were moderate associations between amygdala volume and GBMs, including butyrate synthesis I, glutamate synthesis I, and GABA synthesis I & II, but these relationships were not significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Other bacterial taxa with shared associations to MRI features and clinical symptoms included Escherichia coli and Prevotella copri.

Conclusions

We identified gut microbiome features associated with MRI morphometry and AUD-associated symptom severity. Given the small sample size and bivariate associations performed, these results require confirmation in larger samples and controls to provide meaningful clinical inferences. Nevertheless, these results will inform targeted future research on the role of the gut microbiome in gut-brain communication and how signaling may be altered in patients with AUD.

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