Pedro Mondaca , Roxana Lebuy , Sergio Rojas , Javier Aguas , Juan L. Celis-Diez , Pablo Díaz-Siefer
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Each treatment was monitored on six hillslopes of agricultural communities in a semiarid area of central Chile for one year. We found that the minimal soil water content recorded in the soil profiles of the CF, VEG, and CF + VEG plots was significantly greater than in the CON plots (with increases of 16%, 22%, and 13%, respectively, compared to CON). The CF and VEG treatments conserved soil moisture during the dry season and demonstrated more effective soil–water recharge after the first rain. However, the combined CF + VEG treatment retained less water in the soil profile than the single treatments. On the other hand, all treated plots showed lower soil loss than the CON treatment (mean of 0.68 t ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>). We concluded that contour furrowing effectively enhances soil and soil-water conservation on bare hillslopes. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
缺水和水土流失是全球性问题,对小规模农户,尤其是半干旱地区的小规模农户造成了社会经济后果。由于结果不确定且成本高昂,小规模农户很少考虑采用技术来扭转这种局面。在本研究中,我们假设等高线开沟这一简单易行的技术将有效增加土壤湿度,减轻土壤侵蚀。此外,我们还假设植被也是造成水土流失的一个因素。我们进行了一项田间试验,以评估四种处理方法对土壤湿度(深度至 1 米)和土壤流失的影响:裸露和未管理的土壤(CON);使用等高开沟技术管理的裸露土壤(CF);有灌木覆盖的土壤(VEG);以及 CF + VEG。每种处理方法都在智利中部半干旱地区农业社区的六个山坡上进行了为期一年的监测。我们发现,CF、VEG 和 CF + VEG 地块土壤剖面中记录的最小土壤含水量明显高于 CON 地块(与 CON 相比分别增加了 16%、22% 和 13%)。CF 和 VEG 处理可在旱季保持土壤水分,并在第一场雨后更有效地补充土壤水分。然而,与单一处理相比,CF + VEG 组合处理在土壤剖面中保留的水分较少。另一方面,所有处理地块的土壤流失量都低于 CON 处理(平均 0.68 吨/公顷-年-1)。我们的结论是,等高沟开垦能有效提高裸露山坡的土壤和水土保持效果。此外,它还是一种低成本技术,适合那些希望提高土地可持续性和生产力的农民。
Contour furrowing reduces erosion and enhances soil moisture on semiarid hillslopes
Water scarcity and soil erosion are global problems with socioeconomic consequences for small-scale farmers, especially in semiarid areas. Small-scale farmers scarcely consider techniques for reversing this situation due to uncertain outcomes and high costs. In this study, we hypothesized that contour furrowing, a simple and accessible technique, would effectively increase soil moisture and mitigate soil erosion. In addition, we hypothesized that vegetation is also a contributing factor. We performed a field experiment to evaluate the effect of four treatments on soil moisture (until 1 m depth) and soil loss: bare and unmanaged soils (CON); bare soils managed with contour furrowing (CF); soils with shrub cover (VEG); and CF + VEG. Each treatment was monitored on six hillslopes of agricultural communities in a semiarid area of central Chile for one year. We found that the minimal soil water content recorded in the soil profiles of the CF, VEG, and CF + VEG plots was significantly greater than in the CON plots (with increases of 16%, 22%, and 13%, respectively, compared to CON). The CF and VEG treatments conserved soil moisture during the dry season and demonstrated more effective soil–water recharge after the first rain. However, the combined CF + VEG treatment retained less water in the soil profile than the single treatments. On the other hand, all treated plots showed lower soil loss than the CON treatment (mean of 0.68 t ha−1 year−1). We concluded that contour furrowing effectively enhances soil and soil-water conservation on bare hillslopes. Moreover, it is a low-cost technique that engaged those farmers looking to enhance sustainability and productivity on their lands.
期刊介绍:
Global issues require studies and solutions on national and regional levels. Geoderma Regional focuses on studies that increase understanding and advance our scientific knowledge of soils in all regions of the world. The journal embraces every aspect of soil science and welcomes reviews of regional progress.