Dongdong Yang , Shun Dong , Tangyin Cui , Jianqiang Xin , Yongshuai Xie , Guiqing Chen , Changqing Hong , Xinghong Zhang
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引用次数: 0
摘要
碳气凝胶(CA)被认为是一种前景广阔的微波吸收(MA)材料,但如何将微波吸收、机械强度和隔热等多种功能融为一体仍是一项巨大的挑战。本研究首次通过电纺丝技术结合溶胶-凝胶浸渍工艺成功制备了新型氧化锆纤维增强 CA(ZF/CA)复合材料。只需改变初始溶胶浓度,就能调节 ZF/CA 复合材料的密度(0.132-0.206 g/cm3),从而有效地调整其性能。值得注意的是,ZF/CA 复合材料显示出优异的 MA 性能,在厚度仅为 1.71 mm 的情况下,其吸收率高达 -80.30 dB,最佳有效吸收带宽达到 5.16 GHz,与 CA(-11.70 dB,0.58 GHz)相比有显著提高。同时,电纺氧化锆纤维的软增强策略有效解决了 CA 的脆性和开裂问题,获得了优异的机械强度。此外,纳米孔结构和分层设计还赋予了 ZF/CA 复合材料较低的导热系数(0.029-0.038 W m-1 K-1)和良好的隔热性能。出色的 MA 能力和优异的隔热性能以及轻质结构和高强度使 ZF/CA 复合材料成为高效 MA 和隔热材料的理想选择。
Lightweight and robust electrospun zirconia fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composites for efficient microwave absorption and heat insulation
Carbon aerogel (CA) is recognized as a promising microwave absorption (MA) material, but it remains greatly challenging to integrate the multiple functions of MA, mechanical strength, and heat insulation. In this work, a novel zirconia fiber reinforced CA (ZF/CA) composite is successfully fabricated via electrospinning technology coupled with a sol-gel impregnation process for the first time. The density (0.132–0.206 g/cm3) of the obtained ZF/CA composites can be regulated by simply varying the initial sol concentration, thus effectively tuning their performance. Notably, the ZF/CA composites display excellent MA properties, with a strong absorption of −80.30 dB at the thickness of merely 1.71 mm and the optimal effective absorption bandwidth reaches 5.16 GHz, which is a significant improvement compared to CA (−11.70 dB, 0.58 GHz). Simultaneously, the brittleness and cracking problems of CA are effectively addressed by the soft reinforcement strategy of electrospun zirconia fibers, and superior mechanical strength is obtained. Furthermore, the nanopore structure and hierarchical design endow the ZF/CA composites with low thermal conductivity (0.029–0.038 W m−1 K−1) and favorable heat insulation performance. Outstanding MA capacity and excellent heat insulation properties along with lightweight construction and high strength make ZF/CA composites a great candidate for efficient MA and heat insulation.
期刊介绍:
The journal Carbon is an international multidisciplinary forum for communicating scientific advances in the field of carbon materials. It reports new findings related to the formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbons. Carbons are a broad class of ordered or disordered solid phases composed primarily of elemental carbon, including but not limited to carbon black, carbon fibers and filaments, carbon nanotubes, diamond and diamond-like carbon, fullerenes, glassy carbon, graphite, graphene, graphene-oxide, porous carbons, pyrolytic carbon, and other sp2 and non-sp2 hybridized carbon systems. Carbon is the companion title to the open access journal Carbon Trends. Relevant application areas for carbon materials include biology and medicine, catalysis, electronic, optoelectronic, spintronic, high-frequency, and photonic devices, energy storage and conversion systems, environmental applications and water treatment, smart materials and systems, and structural and thermal applications.