量子计算即服务的参考架构

IF 5.2 2区 计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Aakash Ahmad , Ahmed B. Altamimi , Jamal Aqib
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引用次数: 0

摘要

量子计算机(QCs)旨在打破计算现状--用基于量子力学原理运行的硬件和软件取代由数字电路和模块化软件驱动的传统系统和平台。依靠量子力学原理的量子计算机可以利用量子电路(即用于操纵量子门的量子比特)实现对传统数字计算系统的 "量子计算优势"。目前,阻碍量子系统大规模应用的问题在于,与经典计算和软件工程的挑战相比,量子计算的构建、维护和/或编程是一个复杂且截然不同的工程范式。量子服务导向被视为一种解决方案,它将服务计算和量子软件工程(QSE)的研究协同起来,允许开发人员和用户基于按次付费的实用计算模型构建和使用量子软件服务。按次付费模式代表在量子处理单元上执行一次指令,它允许供应商(如亚马逊Braket)向最终用户提供他们的量子计算平台、模拟器和软件服务。本研究的贡献在于:(i)为实现量子计算即服务(QCaaS)开发参考架构;(ii)以量子经典拆分模式作为架构用例实施微服务;以及(iii)根据从业人员的反馈评估该架构。建议的参考架构采用分层软件模式,以支持服务生命周期的三个阶段,即量子软件服务的开发、部署和拆分。在 QSE 范畴内,研究重点是统一架构方法和面向服务的模式,以促进知识和最佳实践的重复使用,从而应对架构 QCaaS 的新兴和未来挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A reference architecture for quantum computing as a service

Quantum computers (QCs) aim to disrupt the status-quo of computing – replacing traditional systems and platforms that are driven by digital circuits and modular software – with hardware and software that operate on the principle of quantum mechanics. QCs that rely on quantum mechanics can exploit quantum circuits (i.e., quantum bits for manipulating quantum gates) to achieve ‘quantum computational supremacy’ over traditional, i.e., digital computing systems. Currently, the issues that impede mass-scale adoption of quantum systems are rooted in the fact that building, maintaining, and/or programming QCs is a complex and radically distinct engineering paradigm when compared to the challenges of classical computing and software engineering. Quantum service orientation is seen as a solution that synergises the research on service computing and quantum software engineering (QSE) to allow developers and users to build and utilise quantum software services based on pay-per-shot utility computing model. The pay-per-shot model represents a single execution of instruction on quantum processing unit and it allows vendors (e.g., Amazon Braket) to offer their QC platforms, simulators, and software services to end-users. This research contributes by (i) developing a reference architecture for enabling Quantum Computing as a Service (QCaaS), (ii) implementing microservices with the quantum-classic split pattern as an architectural use-case, and (iii) evaluating the architecture based on practitioners’ feedback. The proposed reference architecture follows a layered software pattern to support the three phases of service lifecycle namely development, deployment, and split of quantum software services. In the QSE context, the research focuses on unifying architectural methods and service-orientation patterns to promote reuse knowledge and best practices to tackle emerging and futuristic challenges of architecting QCaaS.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
8.70%
发文量
656
审稿时长
29 days
期刊介绍: In 2022 the Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences will become an author paid open access journal. Authors who submit their manuscript after October 31st 2021 will be asked to pay an Article Processing Charge (APC) after acceptance of their paper to make their work immediately, permanently, and freely accessible to all. The Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences is a refereed, international journal that covers all aspects of both foundations of computer and its practical applications.
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