亲社会行为的核心倾向:测试人-情境框架

IF 5 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology
Natalie Popov, Isabel Thielmann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的和背景:根据最近提出的一个理论框架,不同的人格特质应能解释不同情况下的亲社会行为。我们对这一框架的关键命题进行了实证检验,即四种 "核心倾向"(即相关特质的共同方差)中的每一种都能具体预测在不同情境下的亲社会行为:我们使用了一个大规模数据集(N = 2479),其中包括对各种人格特质的测量和六个激励性经济游戏,以评估不同社会情境下的亲社会行为。通过双因素建模,我们提取了四种潜在的核心倾向,并测试了它们对亲社会行为的预测有效性:结果:我们发现,从理论上推导出的预注册假设得到了不同程度的支持。对他人亲社会性的信念这一核心倾向在两个涉及不确定性依赖的游戏中都能预测亲社会行为,这符合预期。对他人福利的无条件关注只预测了两个有可能被利用的游戏中的一个的亲社会行为。而有条件的对他人福利的关心和自我调节,在存在互惠可能性和时间冲突的情况下,与亲社会行为相关的证据相对较弱:结论:社会情境的不同特征可能会激活不同的人格特质,从而影响亲社会行为,但要充分理解这些人与情境的相互作用,还需要更多的研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The core tendencies underlying prosocial behavior: Testing a person-situation framework.

Objective and background: According to a recently proposed theoretical framework, different personality traits should explain pro-social behavior in different situations. We empirically tested the key proposition of this framework that each of four "core tendencies" (i.e., the shared variance of related traits) specifically predicts pro-social behavior in the presence of a different situational affordance.

Methods: We used a large-scale dataset (N = 2479) including measures of various personality traits and six incentivized economic games assessing pro-social behavior in different social situations. Using bifactor modeling, we extracted four latent core tendencies and tested their predictive validity for pro-social behavior.

Results: We found mixed support for the theoretically derived, preregistered hypotheses. The core tendency of beliefs about others' pro-sociality predicted pro-social behavior in both games involving dependence under uncertainty, as expected. Unconditional concern for others' welfare predicted pro-social behavior in only one of two games providing a possibility for exploitation. For conditional concern for others' welfare and self-regulation, in turn, evidence relating them to pro-social behavior in the presence of a possibility for reciprocity and temporal conflict was relatively weak.

Conclusion: Different features of social situations may activate different personality traits to influence pro-social behavior, but more research is needed to fully understand these person-situation interactions.

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来源期刊
Journal of Personality
Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
6.00%
发文量
100
期刊介绍: Journal of Personality publishes scientific investigations in the field of personality. It focuses particularly on personality and behavior dynamics, personality development, and individual differences in the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal domains. The journal reflects and stimulates interest in the growth of new theoretical and methodological approaches in personality psychology.
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