Ella Mae Joy S Sira, Edward C Banico, Nyzar Mabeth O Odchimar, Lauren Emily Fajardo, Ferdinand F Fremista, Hanna Angelika B Refuerzo, Ana Patrisha A Dictado, Fredmoore L Orosco
{"title":"用免疫信息学方法设计猪流行性腹泻病毒基因 IIA 型尖峰蛋白多表位亚单位疫苗。","authors":"Ella Mae Joy S Sira, Edward C Banico, Nyzar Mabeth O Odchimar, Lauren Emily Fajardo, Ferdinand F Fremista, Hanna Angelika B Refuerzo, Ana Patrisha A Dictado, Fredmoore L Orosco","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i5.18","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates, especially in neonatal pigs. This has resulted in significant economic losses for the pig industry. PEDV genotype II-based vaccines were found to confer better immunity against both heterologous and homologous challenges; specifically, spike (S) proteins, which are known to play a significant role during infection, are ideal for vaccine development.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine targeting the S protein of the PEDV GIIa strain using an immunoinformatics approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Various bioinformatics tools were used to predict HTL, CTL, and B-cell epitopes. The epitopes were connected using appropriate linkers and conjugated with the CTB adjuvant and M-ligand. The final multiepitope vaccine construct (<i>fMEVc</i>) was then docked to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The stability of the <i>fMEVc</i>-TLR4 complex was then simulated using GROMACS. C-immsim was then used to predict the <i>in vitro</i> immune response of the <i>fMEVc.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six epitopes were predicted to induce antibody production, ten epitopes were predicted to induce CTL responses, and four epitopes were predicted to induce HTL responses. The assembled epitopes conjugated with the CTB adjuvant and M-ligand, <i>fMEVc</i>, is antigenic, non-allergenic, stable, and soluble. The construct showed a favorable binding affinity for TLR4, and the protein complex was shown to be stable through molecular dynamics simulations. A robust immune response was induced after immunization, as demonstrated through immune stimulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the multi-epitope subunit vaccine construct for PEDV designed in this study exhibits promising antigenicity, stability, and immunogenicity, eliciting robust immune responses and suggesting its potential as a candidate for further vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199741/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Immunoinformatics approach for designing a multiepitope subunit vaccine against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus genotype IIA spike protein.\",\"authors\":\"Ella Mae Joy S Sira, Edward C Banico, Nyzar Mabeth O Odchimar, Lauren Emily Fajardo, Ferdinand F Fremista, Hanna Angelika B Refuerzo, Ana Patrisha A Dictado, Fredmoore L Orosco\",\"doi\":\"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i5.18\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates, especially in neonatal pigs. This has resulted in significant economic losses for the pig industry. PEDV genotype II-based vaccines were found to confer better immunity against both heterologous and homologous challenges; specifically, spike (S) proteins, which are known to play a significant role during infection, are ideal for vaccine development.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine targeting the S protein of the PEDV GIIa strain using an immunoinformatics approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Various bioinformatics tools were used to predict HTL, CTL, and B-cell epitopes. The epitopes were connected using appropriate linkers and conjugated with the CTB adjuvant and M-ligand. The final multiepitope vaccine construct (<i>fMEVc</i>) was then docked to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The stability of the <i>fMEVc</i>-TLR4 complex was then simulated using GROMACS. C-immsim was then used to predict the <i>in vitro</i> immune response of the <i>fMEVc.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six epitopes were predicted to induce antibody production, ten epitopes were predicted to induce CTL responses, and four epitopes were predicted to induce HTL responses. The assembled epitopes conjugated with the CTB adjuvant and M-ligand, <i>fMEVc</i>, is antigenic, non-allergenic, stable, and soluble. The construct showed a favorable binding affinity for TLR4, and the protein complex was shown to be stable through molecular dynamics simulations. A robust immune response was induced after immunization, as demonstrated through immune stimulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the multi-epitope subunit vaccine construct for PEDV designed in this study exhibits promising antigenicity, stability, and immunogenicity, eliciting robust immune responses and suggesting its potential as a candidate for further vaccine development.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19531,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Open Veterinary Journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199741/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Open Veterinary Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i5.18\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/5/31 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"VETERINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Open Veterinary Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i5.18","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/5/31 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunoinformatics approach for designing a multiepitope subunit vaccine against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus genotype IIA spike protein.
Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates, especially in neonatal pigs. This has resulted in significant economic losses for the pig industry. PEDV genotype II-based vaccines were found to confer better immunity against both heterologous and homologous challenges; specifically, spike (S) proteins, which are known to play a significant role during infection, are ideal for vaccine development.
Aim: This study aims to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine targeting the S protein of the PEDV GIIa strain using an immunoinformatics approach.
Methods: Various bioinformatics tools were used to predict HTL, CTL, and B-cell epitopes. The epitopes were connected using appropriate linkers and conjugated with the CTB adjuvant and M-ligand. The final multiepitope vaccine construct (fMEVc) was then docked to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The stability of the fMEVc-TLR4 complex was then simulated using GROMACS. C-immsim was then used to predict the in vitro immune response of the fMEVc.
Results: Six epitopes were predicted to induce antibody production, ten epitopes were predicted to induce CTL responses, and four epitopes were predicted to induce HTL responses. The assembled epitopes conjugated with the CTB adjuvant and M-ligand, fMEVc, is antigenic, non-allergenic, stable, and soluble. The construct showed a favorable binding affinity for TLR4, and the protein complex was shown to be stable through molecular dynamics simulations. A robust immune response was induced after immunization, as demonstrated through immune stimulation.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the multi-epitope subunit vaccine construct for PEDV designed in this study exhibits promising antigenicity, stability, and immunogenicity, eliciting robust immune responses and suggesting its potential as a candidate for further vaccine development.
期刊介绍：
Open Veterinary Journal is a peer-reviewed international open access online and printed journal that publishes high-quality original research articles. reviews, short communications and case reports dedicated to all aspects of veterinary sciences and its related subjects. Research areas include the following: Infectious diseases of zoonotic/food-borne importance, applied biochemistry, parasitology, endocrinology, microbiology, immunology, pathology, pharmacology, physiology, epidemiology, molecular biology, immunogenetics, surgery, ophthalmology, dermatology, oncology and animal reproduction. All papers are peer-reviewed. Moreover, with the presence of well-qualified group of international referees, the process of publication will be done meticulously and to the highest standards.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
