利用在日本东京世田谷区开展的主动流行病学调查数据,分析导致 COVID-19 家庭传播的因素。

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Japanese journal of infectious diseases Pub Date : 2024-11-21 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI:10.7883/yoken.JJID.2023.342
Mutsumi Kadowaki, Keiko Yasuoka, Chika Takahashi, Haruko Mukoyama, Yoshihisa Shirayama, Motoyuki Yuasa
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对东京世田谷区 COVID-19 病例进行的积极流行病学调查显示,家庭传播是感染传播的主要途径。本研究旨在确定在野生型病毒(2020 年 12 月)和阿尔法变异型病毒(2021 年 5 月)流行期间,影响 COVID-19 诊断患者及其同居者家庭传播的因素。在野生型(WT)和阿尔法变异型(AV)中,与家庭传播明显相关的指数病例因素是:从发病到确诊至少 3 天(WT:风险比 [RR]1.44,95% 置信区间 [CI]1.16-1.79/AV:RR 1.66,CI 1.32-2.08),以及家庭规模为 3 人或 3 人以上(WT:RR 1.37,CI 1.10-1.72/AV:RR 1.29,CI 1.05-1.59)。在 WT 指数病例中,年龄≥ 65 岁(RR 2.39,CI 1.26-4.54)和诊断时无症状(RR 3.05,CI 1.22-7.63)也有明显差异。在同居者中,与两种菌株的家庭传播相关的因素有:作为指数病例的配偶/伴侣(WT:RR 1.68,CI 1.21-1.82/AV:RR 1.97,CI 1.59-2.43)和指数病例从发病到确诊至少 3 天(WT:RR 1.48,CI 1.34-2.10/AV:RR 1.86,CI 1.52-2.28)。早期诊断和隔离可有效预防家庭传播。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An Analysis of Factors Contributing to Household Transmission of COVID-19 Using Data from Active Epidemiological Investigations Performed in the Setagaya Ward of Tokyo, Japan.

An active epidemiological investigation of COVID-19 cases in the Setagaya Ward of Tokyo revealed that household transmission was the main route of spread. This study aimed to identify factors associated with household transmission in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and cohabitants, during the wild-type (WT) (December 2020) and Alpha-variant (AV) (May 2021) epidemics. Factors in index cases significantly associated with household transmission of both WT and AV virus, included more than 3 days from onset to diagnosis (WT: risk ratio [RR] 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-1.79; AV: RR 1.66, 95% CI 1.32-2.08), and a household size of three or more (WT: RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.10-1.72; AV: RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.05-1.59). Household transmission of WT was also significantly associated with the index case being aged ≥65 years (RR 2.39, 95% CI 1.26-4.54) and symptomatic at diagnosis (RR 3.05, 95% CI 1.22-7.63). Among cohabitants, factors associated with household transmission included being the spouse/partner of the index case (WT: RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.34-2.10; AV: RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.59-2.43) and at least 3 days from onset to diagnosis of the index case (WT: RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.21-1.82; AV: RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.52-2.28). Early diagnosis and isolation are effective for preventing household transmission.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
4.50%
发文量
172
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (JJID), an official bimonthly publication of National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan, publishes papers dealing with basic research on infectious diseases relevant to humans in the fields of bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology, medical entomology, vaccinology, and toxinology. Pathology, immunology, biochemistry, and blood safety related to microbial pathogens are among the fields covered. Sections include: original papers, short communications, epidemiological reports, methods, laboratory and epidemiology communications, letters to the editor, and reviews.
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