超越性思维可抵消青少年中期社区暴力对前扣带回皮层的纵向影响。

IF 4.6 2区 心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES
Xiao-Fei Yang, Katrina Hilliard, Rebecca Gotlieb, Mary Helen Immordino-Yang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

青春期是大脑广泛成熟的时期,其特点是社会敏感性和情绪不稳定性,同时独立性也在增强。青春期中期也是一个标志性的发展阶段,在这一阶段,青少年开始主动反思所发生的事情对个人、道德和系统层面的广泛影响,我们称这一过程为 "超越性思考"。在此,我们研究了这些发展过程的交汇点,并从跨学科的角度提出以下问题:社区暴力暴露(CVE)会如何影响青春中期的大脑发育,以及青少年的超越性思维倾向会如何起到保护作用?55 名无犯罪史的低社会经济地位城市青少年(32 名女性;27 名拉丁裔,28 名东亚裔)报告了他们的 CVE 情况,并在 14-18 岁时首次接受了结构性核磁共振成像检查,两年后再次接受检查。在研究开始时,参与者还在一个2小时的私人访谈中讨论了他们对40部微型纪录片的感受,这些纪录片介绍了其他青少年令人信服的境遇,访谈内容已被转录并进行了超越性思维编码。在控制了开始时的CVE和大脑结构后:(1)在2年的扫描间隔期间,新的CVE与前扣带回皮层(ACC)灰质体积(GMV)在该间隔期间的减少有关,前扣带回皮层是一个中央网络枢纽,其体积的减少与创伤后应激障碍有关,同时还与其他多个皮层和皮层下区域有关;(2)参与者在访谈中的超越性思维可独立预测ACC灰质体积在2年的扫描间隔期间的增加。研究结果凸显了中青少年在社区暴力面前的持续脆弱性,以及支持青少年对复杂的个人和系统层面的影响及其公民环境的承受能力进行反思的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Transcendent thinking counteracts longitudinal effects of mid-adolescent exposure to community violence in the anterior cingulate cortex.

Adolescence involves extensive brain maturation, characterized by social sensitivity and emotional lability, that co-occurs with increased independence. Mid-adolescence is also a hallmark developmental stage when youths become motivated to reflect on the broader personal, ethical, and systems-level implications of happenings, a process we term transcendent thinking. Here, we examine the confluence of these developmental processes to ask, from a transdisciplinary perspective, how might community violence exposure (CVE) impact brain development during mid-adolescence, and how might youths' dispositions for transcendent thinking be protective? Fifty-five low-SES urban youth with no history of delinquency (32 female; 27 Latinx, 28 East Asian) reported their CVE and underwent structural MRI first at age 14-18, and again 2 years later. At the study's start, participants also discussed their feelings about 40 minidocumentaries featuring other teens' compelling situations in a 2-h private interview that was transcribed and coded for transcendent thinking. Controlling for CVE and brain structure at the start: (1) New CVE during the 2-year inter-scan interval was associated with greater gray matter volume (GMV) reduction over that interval in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a central network hub whose reduced volume has been associated with posttraumatic stress disorder, and across multiple additional cortical and subcortical regions; (2) participants' transcendent thinking in the interview independently predicted greater GMV increase during the 2-year inter-scan interval in the ACC. Findings highlight the continued vulnerability of mid-adolescents to community violence and the importance of supporting teens' dispositions to reflect on the complex personal and systems-level implications and affordances of their civic landscape.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
97
期刊介绍: Multidisciplinary and international in scope, the Journal of Research on Adolescence (JRA) significantly advances knowledge in the field of adolescent research. Employing a diverse array of methodologies, this compelling journal publishes original research and integrative reviews of the highest level of scholarship. Featured studies include both quantitative and qualitative methodologies applied to cognitive, physical, emotional, and social development and behavior. Articles pertinent to the variety of developmental patterns inherent throughout adolescence are featured, including cross-national and cross-cultural studies. Attention is given to normative patterns of behavior as well as individual differences rooted in personal or social and cultural factors.
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