Sarbojit Das, Dr. Tapan Kumar Pradhan, Dr. Rajarshi Samanta
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Recent Progress on Transition Metal Catalyzed Macrocyclizations Based on C−H Bond Activation at Heterocyclic Scaffolds
Macrocycles are essential in protein-protein interactions and the preferential intake of bioactive scaffolds. Macrocycles are commonly synthesized by late-stage macrolactonizations, macrolactamizations, transition metal-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis, S−S bond-forming reactions, and copper-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition. Recently, transition metal-catalyzed C−H activation strategies have gained significant interest among chemists to synthesize macrocycles. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the transition metal-catalyzed macrocyclization via C−H bond functionalization of heterocycle-containing peptides, annulations, and heterocycle-ring construction through direct C−H bond functionalization. In the first part, palladium salt catalyzed coupling with indolyl C(sp3)−H and C(sp2)−H bonds for macrocyclization is reported. The second part summarizes rhodium-catalyzed macrocyclizations via site-selective C−H bond functionalization. Earth-abundant, less toxic 3d metal salt Mn-catalyzed cyclizations are reported in the latter part. This summary is expected to spark interest in emerging methods of macrocycle production among organic synthesis and chemical biology practitioners, helping to develop the discipline. We hope that this mini-review will also inspire synthetic chemists to explore new and broadly applicable C−C bond-forming strategies for macrocyclization via intramolecular C−H activation.
期刊介绍:
Chemistry—An Asian Journal is an international high-impact journal for chemistry in its broadest sense. The journal covers all aspects of chemistry from biochemistry through organic and inorganic chemistry to physical chemistry, including interdisciplinary topics.
Chemistry—An Asian Journal publishes Full Papers, Communications, and Focus Reviews.
A professional editorial team headed by Dr. Theresa Kueckmann and an Editorial Board (headed by Professor Susumu Kitagawa) ensure the highest quality of the peer-review process, the contents and the production of the journal.
Chemistry—An Asian Journal is published on behalf of the Asian Chemical Editorial Society (ACES), an association of numerous Asian chemical societies, and supported by the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh, German Chemical Society), ChemPubSoc Europe, and the Federation of Asian Chemical Societies (FACS).