法国南部葡萄园生态农业措施对植食动物群落的影响:覆盖作物和农林业的影响。

IF 1.8 2区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY
Experimental and Applied Acarology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1007/s10493-024-00938-z
L Tabary, D Navia, R Steele, M Douin, M-S Tixier
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引用次数: 0

摘要

葡萄栽培的特点是大量使用杀虫剂,对天敌造成影响。新的害虫控制策略和对作为天敌库的农业系统中植物多样性的管理被认为可以限制杀虫剂的使用。各种研究都支持这一假设,但关于多样化对植物螨的影响还存在空白,据报道,植物螨是葡萄园中普遍存在的高效天敌。本研究的重点是在法国东南部一个新种植的试验葡萄园中,研究覆盖作物管理(无覆盖作物、有或无农林业的自发覆盖作物)和葡萄品种(抗性葡萄品种 Artaban 和 Syrah)对捕食螨和猎物群落的影响。每年在葡萄树、覆盖作物和合种树木上取样三次。对植物螨科(Phytoseiidae)、螨螨科(Tydeiidae)、螨螨科(Eriophyidae)和蓟马进行了特征描述。在葡萄藤上发现了 9 个螨科物种,主要是 Kampimodromus aberrans、Typhlodromus exhilaratus、Phytoseius finitimus 和 Euseius gallicus。Kampimodromus aberrans 在西拉(Syrah)品种上很常见。西拉(Syrah)品种上的 Kampimodromus aberrans 较多,这说明品种的影响很大。所观察到的系统管理对结果的意外影响较低,这可能是由多种因素造成的,如实验小区的大小或葡萄树胁迫对覆盖作物葡萄树上植毛虫群落的影响。在葡萄藤上出现的所有植孢子虫物种在覆盖作物和共同种植的树木上都至少发现过一次,这表明它们可能起到了蓄水池的作用。应进一步研究这种新种植的实验系统中群落的演变情况,以及营养网络相互作用的潜在差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Impact of agroecological practices on Phytoseiidae communities in a vineyard of South of France: effect of covercrops and agroforestry.

Impact of agroecological practices on Phytoseiidae communities in a vineyard of South of France: effect of covercrops and agroforestry.

Viticulture is characterized by substantial pesticide applications, impacting natural enemies. New pest control strategies and management of plant diversity into agrosystems acting as reservoirs of natural enemies are assumed to limit pesticide use. Various studies support this hypothesis but gaps exist on the effect of diversification on Phytoseiidae mites, generalist predators reported as prevalent and efficient natural enemies in vineyards. This study focuses on the effect of cover crop management (no cover crop, spontaneous cover crops with or without agroforestry) and grape variety (resistant cv. Artaban and cv. Syrah) on predatory mites and prey communities, in a newly planted experimental vineyard in South-East France. Samplings were carried out three times a year on vine, cover crops, and co-planted trees. Phytoseiidae, Tydeiidae, Eriophyidae mites and thrips were characterized. Nine Phytoseiidae species were identified on vine, the main ones being Kampimodromus aberrans, Typhlodromus exhilaratus, Phytoseius finitimus and Euseius gallicus. Kampimodromus aberrans was prevalent on the cv. Syrah, highlighting a strong effect of variety. The low unexpected effect of system management observed outcome could be due to several factors, such as the experimental plot size or the influence of vine stress on Phytoseiidae communities in vines with cover crops. All phytoseiid species present on vine were identifed at least once on cover crops and co-planted trees, suggesting their potential role as reservoirs. Further studies should be performed investigating the evolution of communities in this newly-planted experimental system, as well as potential differences in trophic network interactions.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
9.10%
发文量
81
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Experimental and Applied Acarology publishes peer-reviewed original papers describing advances in basic and applied research on mites and ticks. Coverage encompasses all Acari, including those of environmental, agricultural, medical and veterinary importance, and all the ways in which they interact with other organisms (plants, arthropods and other animals). The subject matter draws upon a wide variety of disciplines, including evolutionary biology, ecology, epidemiology, physiology, biochemistry, toxicology, immunology, genetics, molecular biology and pest management sciences.
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