Sleep disorders in pediatric patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum.

Study objectives: There is limited information about sleep in agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). We aim to describe the sleep architecture and respiratory parameters of children with ACC.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 20 patients with ACC who had polysomnography between 2000 and 2023. Demographic data, body mass index or weight for length, associated conditions, and polysomnography findings were collected. National Sleep Foundation sleep quality indicators as well as increased polysomnography arousal index ≥ 10 events/h were used in the analysis. Fisher's exact test or unpaired t test was used to compare groups.

Results: Average age was 5.9 ± 5.4 years old. A total of 12/20 patients were male; 6/20 were overweight/obese; 14/20 had complete ACC, and 6/20 had partial ACC; 8/20 had seizures; 15/20 had ≥ 1 National Sleep Foundation poor sleep quality indicator (decreased sleep efficiency [45%], decreased rapid eye movement sleep [53%]); and 9/20 had increased arousals. Between complete and partial ACC, there was no difference in presence of ≥ 1 poor sleep quality indicator (P = .61), sleep efficiency (P = .34), rapid eye movement sleep (P = .28), and arousals (P = 1.0). 11/18 had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); 5/11 had associated central sleep apnea. There was no difference in OSA between those with complete and partial ACC (P = 1.0). OSA was associated with children < 3 years old (P = .01).

Conclusions: Children with ACC have poor sleep quality, and many have OSA. There was no difference in sleep quality or presence of OSA between those with complete and partial ACC. OSA was seen more in younger children. Our study supports the need for screening of sleep-related disorders in patients with ACC.

Citation: Kwon A, Gu PK, Zhang C, Davidson Ward SL, Perez IA. Sleep disorders in pediatric patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20(10):1663-1667.