野生动物感知到的人类风险对种群和社区造成的后果

IF 7.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI:10.1111/ele.14456
Justine A. Smith, Megan E. McDaniels, Scott D. Peacor, Ellen C. Bolas, Michael J. Cherry, Nathan J. Dorn, Olivia K. Feldman, David L. Kimbro, Emily K. Leonhardt, Nicole E. Peckham, Michael J. Sheriff, Kaitlyn M. Gaynor
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类活动催化了野生动物在不同类群和系统中的风险规避行为。然而,人类诱发的风险感知的更广泛生态意义仍不清楚,对表型反应如何扩大到影响种群或群落动态的理解也很有限。我们提出了一个以捕食者-猎物生态学为基础的框架,用于预测人为干扰的非消耗性效应(NCE)和性状中介间接效应(TMIE)的发生。我们全面回顾了人类引起的不同类型的行为和生理表型变化及其对野生动物生命率和种群参数的影响,并报告了相关证据。关于人类活动引起的净影响(NCEs)和表型变化(TMIEs)的证据参差不齐,半数已发表的研究发现人类活动、表型变化和种群结果之间存在关系。人为 NCEs 和 TMIEs 的净效应取决于表型反应与人类活动致死率之间的不匹配。然而,在分类群、系统、人类干扰类型和人口统计措施方面存在的强烈研究偏差阻碍了对人类活动种群反应的普遍性进行统一推断。与野生动物共存和保护野生动物需要更多的研究,将人类引起的表型变化与种群和群落结果联系起来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Population and community consequences of perceived risk from humans in wildlife

Population and community consequences of perceived risk from humans in wildlife

Human activities catalyse risk avoidance behaviours in wildlife across taxa and systems. However, the broader ecological significance of human-induced risk perception remains unclear, with a limited understanding of how phenotypic responses scale up to affect population or community dynamics. We present a framework informed by predator–prey ecology to predict the occurrence of non-consumptive effects (NCE) and trait-mediated indirect effects (TMIE) of anthropogenic disturbances. We report evidence from a comprehensive review of the different types of human-induced behavioural and physiological phenotypic changes and their influence on vital rates and population parameters in wildlife. Evidence for human-induced NCEs and TMIEs is mixed, with half of published studies finding a relationship between human activities, phenotypic change and population outcomes. The net effects of anthropogenic NCEs and TMIEs depend on the mismatch between the phenotypic response and the lethality of human activity. However, strong research biases in taxa, systems, human disturbance types and demographic measures prevent unified inference about the prevalence of population responses to human activities. Coexistence with and conservation of wildlife requires additional research linking human-induced phenotypic change to population and community outcomes.

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来源期刊
Ecology Letters
Ecology Letters 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
17.60
自引率
3.40%
发文量
201
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: Ecology Letters serves as a platform for the rapid publication of innovative research in ecology. It considers manuscripts across all taxa, biomes, and geographic regions, prioritizing papers that investigate clearly stated hypotheses. The journal publishes concise papers of high originality and general interest, contributing to new developments in ecology. Purely descriptive papers and those that only confirm or extend previous results are discouraged.
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