在 2020 年 COVID-19 "人类休眠期 "期间,两个美国国家公园的防晒霜污染得到缓解:Lookout 角国家海岸和卡洛科-虹之丘国家历史公园

IF 2.1 4区 地球科学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
C.A. Downs , K.L. Akerlof , Didier Stien , Alice M.S. Rodrigues , M. Silvia Diaz-Cruz , Gerard Quintana , Deborah Fulton
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从 2020 年 3 月到 6 月,在 COVID-19 大流行的早期阶段,世界各国政府都实行了封锁,试图减少 COVID-19 的传播。这一时期全球人类活动放缓,被称为 "人类休眠期"。本研究的目的是确定防晒霜污染是否在 "人类休眠期 "得到缓解,并确定在美国国家公园系统的两个沿海单位旅游业/娱乐业恢复时防晒霜污染的严重程度:在这两个地方的水样和沙样中测量了防晒产品的有效成分,包括氧苯酮、辛氧化物、辛二烯、辛泽酸盐、高水杨酸盐以及其中一些成分的相关分解产物。对这两个地点的人类活动期和人类活动期后的污染物水平进行了风险评估,以确定人类活动期的威胁是否减少,以及人类活动期后旅游业的恢复是否对沿海野生动物构成威胁。两个国家公园的防晒霜污染水平在 "安息期 "期间几乎都出现了绝对的下降,考虑到两个公园相隔的地域广阔,这是一个惊人的共同点。旅行限制取消后,大量游客涌入这两个地方,导致防晒霜化学污染水平相对突然和危险地上升。这项研究支持这样一个论点,即未经管理的旅游业是沿海防晒油污染的一个来源,对物种种群和生物多样性的局部连续性构成威胁,尤其是对珊瑚礁和渔业。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Sunscreen pollution is abated during the COVID-19 “Anthropause” of 2020 in two U.S. National Parks: Cape Lookout National Seashore and Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park

Sunscreen pollution is abated during the COVID-19 “Anthropause” of 2020 in two U.S. National Parks: Cape Lookout National Seashore and Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park

From March to June 2020, governments across the world imposed lockdowns in an attempt to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 during the early phase of the pandemic. This period of time in which human activity slowed worldwide has been coined the “Anthropause”. The goal of this study was to determine if sunscreen pollution abated during the Anthropause and to identify the severity of the pollution when tourism/recreation recovered at two coastal units of the U.S. National Park System: Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park in Hawaiʻi, U.S.A. and Cape Lookout National Seashore in North Carolina, U.S.A. Active ingredients of sunscreen products were measured in water and sand samples at both locations, including oxybenzone, octinoxate, octocrylene, octisalate, homosalate, and relevant breakdown products of some of these ingredients. A risk assessment was conducted on Anthropause and post-Anthropause contaminant levels for both locations to determine if there was a threat reduction during the Anthropause, and whether tourism recovery in the post-Anthropause period served as a threat to coastal wildlife. Both national park units exhibited an almost absolute reduction in the levels of sunscreen contamination during the Anthropause period, a striking commonality considering the geographic expanse separating the parks. Once travel restrictions were lifted, a large influx of tourists ensued at both locations, resulting in a relatively sudden and dangerous increase in the levels of sunscreen chemical pollution. This study supports the argument that unmanaged tourism is a source of coastal sunscreen pollution that poses a threat to the localized continuity of species populations and biodiversity, especially to coral reefs and fisheries.

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来源期刊
Journal of Sea Research
Journal of Sea Research 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
5.00%
发文量
86
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Sea Research is an international and multidisciplinary periodical on marine research, with an emphasis on the functioning of marine ecosystems in coastal and shelf seas, including intertidal, estuarine and brackish environments. As several subdisciplines add to this aim, manuscripts are welcome from the fields of marine biology, marine chemistry, marine sedimentology and physical oceanography, provided they add to the understanding of ecosystem processes.
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