传染病流行形势下大学生健康保护行为的实施意向研究

He Ye, M. Mahamed, Sharil Nizam Shari
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摘要

本文从社会认知理论的角度出发,提炼并整合了风险研究中的保护动机理论、计划行为理论以及个体和社会环境因素,构建了预测公众健康行为实施意愿的综合分析框架。通过对 "Covid-19 "疫情期间大学生的调查,我们发现公众的健康行为实施意愿受外部社会环境和个体内部条件两种因素的影响。就外部环境而言,"重要他人 "的感知规范影响和大众传媒的信息影响能积极促进健康保护行为的实施意愿。同时,媒体关注也会分别通过自我效能感和应对效能感的中介效应间接影响公众的健康行为实施意愿。就内部因素而言,自我效能感是预测个体健康行为最有力的直接因素。认知缺陷和乐观偏差的存在导致威胁评估要素对健康行为意愿的预测力失效,但感知严重性会通过 "回避 "概念的中介作用对健康行为意向产生负面影响。研究还发现,情绪反应不仅独立于认知评估过程而对健康行为实施意愿产生正向影响,而且在媒体关注与健康行为实施意愿之间起到了正向调节作用,然而,不当风险观念可能对健康行为实施意愿产生阻滞作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Study on The Implementation Intention of Health Protection Behavior of College Students in Epidemic Situation of Infectious Diseases
From the perspective of social cognitive theory, this paper refines and integrates the theory of protective motivation, the theory of planned behavior and the individual and social environment factors in risk research, a comprehensive analytical framework was built to predict the implementation intention of public health behaviors. Through the investigation of the college students during the epidemic of Covid-19, we found that the willingness of the public to carry out health behaviors was influenced by two kinds of factors: external social environment and individual internal conditions. As far as the external environment is concerned, perceived normative influence of “Significant others” and informational influence from mass media can positively promote the implementation intention of health protection behavior. At the same time, media attention can also indirectly affect the public's willingness to carry out health behaviors through the mediating effects of self-efficacy and coping efficacy, respectively. As far as internal factors are concerned, self-efficacy is the most powerful direct factor to predict individuals' health behaviors. The existence of cognitive deficit and optimism bias results in the failure of the predictive power of the element of threat assessment on the willingness to carry out health behaviors, however, perceived severity can have a negative effect on health behavior intention through the mediation of the “Avoidance” concept. The study also found that the emotional response not only positively affected the intention to carry out healthy behaviors independently of the cognitive assessment process, but also played a positive moderating role between media attention and the intention to carry out healthy behaviors, however, improper risk concept may have a blocking effect on the implementation intention of health behavior.
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