Retroplacental blood biochemical parameters in preeclampsia

The effectiveness of existing methods for predicting preeclampsia is far from 100%, which dictates the need to search for new additional markers. Retroplacental blood is a unique almost unexplored biological substrate, the composition of which possibly affects the course of pregnancy. The purpose of our research was to study retroplacental blood biochemical parameters in preeclampsia. The research included 53 pregnant women who were divided in two groups: physiological pregnancy (n = 28) and severe preeclampsia (n = 25). All pregnant women were delivered by caesarean section. The materials of our research were peripheral and retroplacental blood sera. Samples were taken immediately after the mechanical placenta abruption and delivery of afterbirth. Using a Beckman Coulter AU480 biochemical analyzer (Germany), we determined the levels of ALT, AST, LDH, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, total and direct bilirubin, glucose, uric acid. According to the results of our research, the biochemical parameters of retroplacental and peripheral blood had significant differences (p 0.05). In physiological pregnancy, ALT, AST, LDH, urea, creatinine, direct bilirubin, and uric acid levels were 1.9; 20,1; 11.4; 1.14; 1.19; 2; 1.15 times, respectively, significantly (p 0.05) higher in retroplacental blood, and the glucose level was 1.5 times lower. In patients with severe preeclampsia, the levels of AST, LDH, creatinine, total and direct bilirubin, and uric acid in the in the retroplacental blood were 11.5; 1.3; 1.2; 2.2; 1.11 times, respectively, significantly increased (p 0.05), and the glucose level was 1.57 times lower again. When compared peripheral blood biochemical parametres of the main and control groups, significant differences (p 0.05) were detected for ALT, AST, total protein, albumin, urea and creatinine. In contrast, in retroplacental blood during physiological pregnancy and preeclampsia, significant differences (p 0.05) were detected only for urea, creatinine and uric acid. Thus, studying retroplacental blood biochemical parametres can provide more information of preeclampsia pathogenesis.