婆罗门基因比例对婆罗门-安格斯奶牛断奶时生产率的影响

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI:10.1093/tas/txae093

Thiago Martins, C. C. Rocha, Joseph Danny Driver, Owen Rae, M. Elzo, Raluca G Mateescu, José Eduardo Portela Santos, M. Binelli

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究使用包含 6312 头奶牛和 5405 次妊娠的 31 年数据集，评估了布拉赫曼遗传比例与布拉赫曼-安格斯奶牛断奶时生产率之间的关系。这些奶牛在佛罗里达州中北部的亚热带条件下同时饲养并参加每年的繁殖季节。根据婆罗门基因的比例，这些奶牛被平均分配到六个品种组（G）：G0-19%、G21-34%、G38%（Brangus）、G41-59%、G63-78% 和 G81-100%。六个品种组的奶牛产犊比例（84.9%）没有差异。但是，G81-100% 牛群的牛犊断奶率（90.8%）低于 G0-19% 和 G21-34% 牛群的牛犊断奶率（各为 95.7%）。G38% 组（94.3%）、G41-59% 组（94.2%）和 G63-78% 组（93.0%）奶牛的断奶率介于这三个品种组之间。G81-100% 牛群的断奶前犊牛死亡率（9.2%）高于 G0-19% 牛群和 G21-34% 牛群（各为 4.3%），但介于 G38% 牛群（5.7%）、G41-59% 牛群（5.8%）和 G63-78% 牛群（7.0%）之间。与 G0-19%（245.2 千克）、G21-34%（250.2 千克）、G38%（247.9 千克）、G41-59%（252.5 千克）和 G63-78% （245.2 千克）的奶牛相比，G81-100% 奶牛的犊牛断奶重量（220.6 千克）也较轻。G0-19%的奶牛断奶后的犊牛体重比婆罗门遗传率为21%至78%的奶牛轻。205 天调整断奶重量表明，与其他基因组相比，G0-19% 和 G81-100% 的奶牛生产性能较差，因为它们的产犊速度分别最快和最慢。因此，205 天调整后的断奶重消除了这种偏差。此外，年龄较小的母牛断奶时犊牛体重较轻；雄性犊牛断奶时体重大于雌性犊牛。母牛和犊牛性别的奇偶顺序改变了所述母牛品种群与犊牛断奶体重之间关联的大小。总体而言，在对断奶率和犊牛断奶时的年龄进行调整后，G0-19%（191.1 千克）和 G81-100 （181.8 千克）的母牛每头繁殖母牛的生产公斤数低于 G21-34（197.0 千克）、G38（195.9 千克）、G41-59（199.7）和 G63-78 （196.2）的母牛。G81-100%的奶牛产量最低。因此，21% 至 78% 的婆罗门基因比例确保了亚热带条件下婆罗门-安格斯奶牛的高产。

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Influence of proportion of Brahman genetics on productivity of Brahman-Angus cows at weaning

This study evaluated the association between the proportion of Brahman genetics and productivity of Brahman-Angus cows at weaning using a 31-year dataset containing 6,312 cows and 5,405 pregnancies. Cows were contemporaneously reared and enrolled in yearly breeding seasons under subtropical conditions of North-Central Florida. They were evenly distributed in six breed groups (G) according to the proportion of Brahman genetics: G0–19%, G21–34%, G38% (Brangus), G41–59%; G63–78% and G81–100%. The proportion of cows calving (84.9%) did not differ across the six breed groups. However, cows in the G81-100% weaned fewer calves (90.8%) than cows in the G0-19% and G21-34% (95.7%, each). The weaning rate of cows in the G38% (94.3%), G41-59% (94.2%), and G63-78% (93.0%) was intermediate between these three breed groups. The preweaning calf mortality was greater for cows in the G81-100% (9.2%) than cows in the G0-19% and G21-34% (4.3%, each), but intermediate to cows in the G38% (5.7%), G41-59% (5.8%), and G63-78% (7.0%). Cows in the G81-100% also weaned lighter calves (220.6 kg) than cows in the G0-19% (245.2 kg), G21-34% (250.2 kg), G38% (247.9 kg), G41-59% (252.5 kg), and G63-78% (245.2 kg). Cows in the G0-19% weaned lighter calves than cows with 21% to 78% of Brahman genetics. The 205-day adjusted weaning weight evidenced the less productive results of cows in G0-19% and G81-100% compared with other genetic groups, as they calved at the fastest and slowest rate, respectively. Thus, the 205-day adjusted weaning weight eliminated this bias. Additionally, younger cows weaned lighter calves; and male calves were heavier at weaning than female calves. Both parity order of cow and calf sex altered the magnitude of the described association between breed group of cows and calf weaning weights. Overall, after adjusting for weaning rate and age of calves at weaning, the number of kilograms produced per cow submitted to reproduction was less for cows in the G0-19% (191.1 kg) and G81-100 (181.8 kg) compared with cows in the G21-34 (197.0 kg), G38 (195.9 kg), G41-59 (199.7), and G63-78 (196.2). Cows in the G81-100% were the least productive. Thus, a proportion of Brahman genetics between 21% and 78% ensured superior productivity of Brahman-Angus cows subjected to subtropical conditions.

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

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