砷拯救欧洲马铃薯：法国和德国的植物保护制度化（1920-1950 年代）

IF 0.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Global Environment Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI:10.3828/whpge.63837646622490

Margot Lyautey

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引用次数: 0

摘要

通过将蕾切尔-卡森在《寂静的春天》中的方法移至另一个时间、另一个地点和另一个杀虫剂家族，本文讲述了 20 世纪 20 年代至 50 年代西欧广泛采用砷酸盐（尽管已知其毒性）来控制当时新出现的科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫的故事。尽管砷酸盐的使用会带来健康和环境风险，但由于这种控制方法被证明是有效的，因此被推广到其他害虫身上。科罗拉多甲虫是法国和德国发展植物保护的基质。围绕广泛使用砷酸盐的法规、行政结构和习惯为 1945 年后有机氯的快速和大规模应用铺平了道路。本文以 CC BY 许可方式公开发表：https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 。

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Arsenic to the Rescue of European Potatoes: The Institutionalisation of Plant Protection in France and Germany (1920s–1950s)

By displacing Rachel Carson’s approach in Silent Spring to another time, another place and another family of pesticides, this paper tells the story of the wide adoption of arsenates, despite their known toxicity, to control the then newly present Colorado potato beetle in Western Europe from the 1920s to the 1950s. Although arsenate use entailed health and environmental risks, it was extended to other insect pests because this control method proved effective. The Colorado beetle appears as the matrix around which plant protection was developed in France and Germany. The regulations, administrative structures and habits that revolved around the wide use of arsenates then paved the way for the quick and massive adoption of organochlorides after 1945. This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 .

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来源期刊

Global Environment ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-

CiteScore

0.50

自引率

25.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The half-yearly journal Global Environment: A Journal of History and Natural and Social Sciences acts as a forum and echo chamber for ongoing studies on the environment and world history, with special focus on modern and contemporary topics. Our intent is to gather and stimulate scholarship that, despite a diversity of approaches and themes, shares an environmental perspective on world history in its various facets, including economic development, social relations, production government, and international relations. One of the journal’s main commitments is to bring together different areas of expertise in both the natural and the social sciences to facilitate a common language and a common perspective in the study of history. This commitment is fulfilled by way of peer-reviewed research articles and also by interviews and other special features. Global Environment strives to transcend the western-centric and ‘developist’ bias that has dominated international environmental historiography so far and to favour the emergence of spatially and culturally diversified points of view. It seeks to replace the notion of ‘hierarchy’ with those of ‘relationship’ and ‘exchange’ – between continents, states, regions, cities, central zones and peripheral areas – in studying the construction or destruction of environments and ecosystems.