中国淡水贻贝 Nodularia 属（双壳类：Unionidae）的多样性、形态和系统发育，以及四个新种的描述

IF 2.3 2区生物学 Q2 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY

Zoologica Scripta Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI:10.1111/zsc.12677

Ruiwen Wu, Lili Liu, Liping Zhang, Xiongjun Liu, Zhengkun Hu, Dandong Jin, Zepeng Zhang, Xiaoping Wu, Zhicai Xie, Zhengfei Li, M. Lopes‐Lima

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引用次数: 0

摘要

淡水双壳类动物（双壳类，Unionida）是世界上最受威胁的动物群体之一。确定物种界限、了解这些物种的系统发育和遗传多样性是指导其保护和管理的关键。然而，该物种群内部存在明显的表型可塑性和趋同性，这使得物种划分变得复杂。这包括东亚特有的淡水贻贝属Nodularia，由于之前的研究取样不足，特别是在中国这个公认的淡水贻贝生物多样性热点地区，对其物种多样性和系统发育关系的全面了解仍然遥遥无期。在此，我们基于对中国 23 个省份的广泛取样和多种数据源（包括贝壳形态学、软体解剖学、六基因（COI + ND1 + 16S + 18S + 28S + 组蛋白 H3）和有丝分裂基因组数据集），对 Nodularia 物种进行了全面的分类和系统进化分析。本文采用的综合系统学方法揭示了该属中的 10 个不同物种，其中 4 个是科学界的新物种，即 Nodularia hanensis sp.nov.、Nodularia huana sp.nov.、Nodularia fusiformans sp.nov.和 Nodularia dualobtus、Nodularia dualobtusus sp. nov.，其中两个为中国新记录，即 Nodularia dorri（Wattebled [Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 1886, 54]) 和 Nodularia micheloti（Morlet [Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 1886, 75]）。基于分子数据，我们还提出 Nodularia jourdyi (Morlet [Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 1886, 75]) syn.基于六基因数据集和线粒体系统发生组学的 BI、ML 和 BEAST 分析一致支持以下系统发生关系：(N. dorri + (N. hanensis sp. nov. + N. micheloti))+ (N. breviconcha + (N. huana sp. nov.+ (N. fusiformans sp. nov.+ ((N. nuxpersicae + N. nipponensis) + (N. dualobtusus sp. nov. + N. douglasiae))))))。化石校准的分子钟显示，Nodularia起源于晚白垩世（约73.78 Mya）。然后在中古近纪（约 45.01 Mya）分化为两个独立的支系，随后在新近纪（平均年龄为 28.28 至 4.79 Mya）出现了现存物种的快速分化。Nodularia breviconcha是10个Nodularia类群中分化最早的类群，出现在古近纪-新近纪过渡时期（28.28 Mya; 95% HPD = 14.35-48.44 Mya）。综上所述，我们为 Nodularia 类群提供了一个强大的系统框架，解决了该类群的系统发育关系、分类学和进化史问题。

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Diversity, morphology, and phylogeny of freshwater mussels of the genus Nodularia (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from China, with descriptions of four new species

Freshwater bivalves (Bivalvia, Unionida) are one of the most threatened groups of animals in the world. Defining species boundaries and understanding the phylogeny and genetic diversity of these species is key to guiding their conservation and management. However, the presence of significant phenotypic plasticity and convergence within this group complicates species delimitation. This includes the freshwater mussel genus Nodularia, endemic to East Asia, for which a comprehensive understanding of species diversity and phylogenetic relationships remains elusive due to inadequate sampling in previous studies, particularly in China, a widely recognized biodiversity hotspot for freshwater mussels. Here, we conduct comprehensive taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses of Nodularia species based on extensive sampling across 23 provinces in China and multiple data sources, including shell morphology, soft body anatomy, six‐gene (COI + ND1 + 16S + 18S + 28S + histone H3) and mitogenome datasets. The integrative systematics approach used here reveals 10 distinct species in this genus, four of which are new to science, i.e. Nodularia hanensis sp. nov., Nodularia huana sp. nov., Nodularia fusiformans sp. nov., Nodularia dualobtusus sp. nov. and two of which are new records for China, i.e. Nodularia dorri (Wattebled [Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 1886, 54]) and Nodularia micheloti (Morlet [Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 1886, 75]). We also propose that the nominal species Nodularia jourdyi (Morlet [Journal de Conchyliologie, 34, 1886, 75]) syn. nov. is a new synonym for Nodularia douglasiae (Griffith & Pidgeon, 1833) based on molecular data. BI, ML, and BEAST analyses based on the six‐gene dataset and mitochondrial phylogenomics consistently support the following phylogenetic relationships: (N. dorri + (N. hanensis sp. nov. + N. micheloti)) + (N. breviconcha + (N. huana sp. nov. + (N. fusiformans sp. nov. + ((N. nuxpersicae + N. nipponensis) + (N. dualobtusus sp. nov. + N. douglasiae))))). The molecular clock with fossil calibration indicates that Nodularia originated in the Late Cretaceous period (ca. 73.78 Mya). It then diverged into two independent clades during the Middle Paleogene (ca. 45.01 Mya), followed by a rapid burst of extant speciation during the Neogene (mean age 28.28 to 4.79 Mya). Nodularia breviconcha is the earliest differentiated taxon among the 10 Nodularia taxa, appearing during the Paleogene‐Neogene transition (28.28 Mya; 95% HPD = 14.35–48.44 Mya). Taken together, we provide a robust systematic framework for Nodularia species, addressing phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy, and evolutionary history of this group.

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来源期刊

Zoologica Scripta 生物-动物学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Zoologica Scripta publishes papers in animal systematics and phylogeny, i.e. studies of evolutionary relationships among taxa, and the origin and evolution of biological diversity. Papers can also deal with ecological interactions and geographic distributions (phylogeography) if the results are placed in a wider phylogenetic/systematic/evolutionary context. Zoologica Scripta encourages papers on the development of methods for all aspects of phylogenetic inference and biological nomenclature/classification. Articles published in Zoologica Scripta must be original and present either theoretical or empirical studies of interest to a broad audience in systematics and phylogeny. Purely taxonomic papers, like species descriptions without being placed in a wider systematic/phylogenetic context, will not be considered.