神谕理论--潜能与限制

IF 1.6 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY
Tibor Máhrik, Roman Kralik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

论题。神谕理论(Divine Command Theory,以下简称 DCT)是一种元伦理学理论,属于非认知类型的道德现实主义范畴,其受欢迎程度正在不断提高。在这篇论文中,我们说明了引发解决伦理概念规范性的必要性的一些原因,正因为这些原因,DCT 才获得了其合理性。我们的论证从分析当代伦理学话语中的一个关键时刻--规范性问题开始,将休谟定律与道德哲学中的唯我论、哲学多元论和认识论还原论等当代问题联系起来。我们展示了神谕理论所提供的道德推理的优势,并指出了其不足之处,这些不足之处与上帝不是一个完美的道德公理体系,而是一个在道德上完美行事的存在这一事实有关。神谕理论是一种重要的元伦理学方法,它为建立具有规范性权重的不同伦理框架提供了坚实的空间,但另一方面也隐藏着不容忽视的问号。这就是上帝推理模式中的正义与爱的问题,因为从神学的角度来看,这两个方面都是自相矛盾的,而且,上帝诫命的解释者还有可能出现自我参照的谬误。我们指出的这一理论中存在的问题丝毫没有削弱其有效性,而是预示着对伦理现实主义进行更深层次的反思。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Divine Command Theory – Potentiality and Limits
Thesis. Divine Command Theory (hereafter DCT) is a metaethical theory belonging to the category of moral realism of the non-cognitive type, whose popularity is growing. In this thesis, we show some of the reasons that have triggered the need to address the normativity of ethical concepts, because of which DCT receives its justification. Concept. Our argument begins with an analysis of a critical moment in contemporary ethical discourse, the question of normativity, relating Hume's law to the contemporary problem of solipsism, philosophical pluralism, and epistemic reductionism in moral philosophy. We show the strengths of the moral reasoning offered by Divine Command Theory and point out its weaknesses, which have to do with the fact that God is not a perfect system of moral axioms, but a being who acts morally and perfectly. Results and conclusion. Divine Command Theory is an important metaethical approach that offers a solid space for the establishment of different ethical frameworks with normativity weights, but on the other hand harbours question marks that should not be overlooked. These are questions of justice and love in terms of God's model of reasoning, since both aspects are paradoxical from a theological point of view and, moreover, run the risk of a self-referential fallacy on the part of the interpreter of God's commandments. The problematic aspects of this theory that we point out do not in any way undermine its validity, but rather anticipate an even deeper level of reflection on ethical realism.
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来源期刊
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Journal of Education Culture and Society SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
27.30%
发文量
75
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