Analysis of the Vegetation Index by Normalized Difference and the Land Surface Temperature of the Municipality of Itapema/SC

Objective: This study uses the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (IVDN) and the Land Surface Temperature (TST) in the city of Itapema/SC, in order to enable the identification of the occurrence of heat islands and their relationship with the engagement of society.   Theoretical Framework: The concepts used in the article are related to the existence of green spaces within cities that promote the reduction of surface temperatures and prevent the formation of heat islands.   Method: The methodology was developed with Datum WGS 1984 images from the years 2013 and 2024, Landsat 8, OLI sensor (Operational Land Imager, bands 4 and 5) to generate the IVDN and, to calculate the temperature, a Landsat image was used. 8, TIRS sensor (Thermal Infrared Sensor, band 10) with spatial resolution of 30 meters.   Results and Discussion: The results show a temporal analysis with land surface temperatures around 16°C (minimum) and 25°C (maximum) and IVDN close to 0.5, which correspond to the areas with the highest plant mass indices, consequently, the lowest temperatures on the Earth's surface.   Implications of the Research: These results contributed to understanding the contribution of society's engagement in the municipality of Itapema/SC, towards the 2030 Agenda and its relationship with climate change.   Originality/Value: This article uses updated data and presents more tangible results, the use of which can be used in projects to create green spaces in several cities in Brazil.