Constraining Light Dependency in Modeled Emissions Through Comparison to Observed BVOC Concentrations in a Southeastern US Forest

Abstract. Climate change will bring about changes in meteorological and ecological factors that are currently used in global-scale models to calculate biogenic emissions. By comparing long-term datasets of biogenic compounds to modeled emissions, this work seeks to improve understanding of these models and their driving factors. We compare speciated BVOC measurements at the Virginia Forest Research Laboratory located in Fluvanna County, VA, USA for the 2020 year with emissions estimated by MEGANv3.2. The emissions were subjected to oxidation in a 0-D box-model (F0AM v4.3) to generate timeseries of modeled concentrations. We find that default light-dependent fractions (LDFs) in the emissions model do not accurately represent observed temporal variability of regional observations. Some monoterpenes with a default light dependence are better represented using light-independent emissions throughout the year (LDF_α-pinene=0, as opposed to 0.6), while others are best represented using a seasonally or temporally dependent light dependence. For example, limonene has the highest correlation between modeled and measured concentrations using LDF=0 for January through April and roughly 0.74–0.97 in the summer months, in contrast to the default value of 0.4. The monoterpenes β-thujene, sabinene, and γ-terpinene similarly have an LDF that varies throughout the year, with light-dependent behavior in summer, while camphene and α-fenchene follow light-independent behavior throughout the year. Simulations of most compounds are consistently underpredicted in the winter months compared to observed concentrations. In contrast, day-to-day variability in the concentrations during summer months are relatively well captured using the coupled emissions-chemistry model constrained by regional concentrations of NO_x and O₃.