Azzurra Spagnesi, Elena Barbaro, Matteo Feltracco, Federico Scoto, Marco Vecchiato, Massimiliano Vardè, Mauro Mazzola, François Yves Burgay, Federica Bruschi, Clara Jule Marie Hoppe, Allison Bailey, Andrea Gambaro, Carlo Barbante, Andrea Spolaor
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引用次数: 0
摘要
摘要。北极放大效应(AA)正在导致冰川融化、海冰迅速减少以及北极地区大气和地球化学过程的改变,从而对气溶胶和季节性积雪的形成、迁移和化学成分产生影响。斯瓦尔巴群岛尤其受到大气环流的影响,因此是北极地区评估当地环境过程变化对季节性积雪化学成分影响的相关地点。采样活动于 2018 年至 2021 年在斯瓦尔巴群岛西北部尼-奥勒松的 Gruvebadet 雪地研究基地进行。在所调查的年份中,地表积雪中离子和元素杂质的年际变化与相对温暖年份(2018-19 年、2020-21 年)和相对寒冷年份(2019-20 年)之间的交替有关,前者是典型的北极放大(AA)时期,后者则更类似于 AA 前的情况。我们的研究结果表明,较冷采样季节的杂质浓度在很大程度上取决于与海雾相关的气溶胶的产生,这可能是由于海冰的延伸范围更大,以及更干燥、多风的条件造成的。因此,我们的研究结果与 2020 年 3 月康斯峡湾海冰的存在有关,更广泛地说与斯匹次卑尔根周围海冰的存在有关,这是强冷风平流层极地涡旋和不寻常的 AO 指数正相异常出现的结果。通过比较2019-20年雪季与2018-19年和2020-21年雪季的雪化学成分,我们概述了AA对斯瓦尔巴雪堆可能产生的影响,以及气溶胶产生过程的相关变化。
Impact of Arctic Amplification variability on the chemical composition of the snowpack in Svalbard
Abstract. Arctic Amplification (AA) is leading to significant glacier ice melting, rapid sea ice decline, and alterations in atmospheric and geochemical processes in the Arctic regions, with consequences on the formation, transport, and chemical composition of aerosols and seasonal snowpack. Svalbard is particularly exposed to the AA, thus represents a relevant site in the Arctic to evaluate changes in local environmental processes contributing to the seasonal snow chemical composition. Sampling campaigns were conducted from 2018 to 2021 at the Gruvebadet Snow Research Site in Ny-Ålesund, in the North-West of the Svalbard Archipelago. During the investigated years, interannual variability of ionic and elemental impurities in surface snowpack has been associated to an alternation between relative warm years (2018–19, 2020–21), typical of the Arctic Amplification (AA) period, and relatively cold years (2019–20), more similar to the pre-AA conditions. Our results indicate that the concentration of impurities during the colder sampling season is strongly dependent on the production of sea spray related aerosol, likely deriving by a larger extension of sea ice, and drier, windy conditions. Our findings were therefore linked to the presence of sea ice in the Kongsfjorden in March 2020, and more generally around Spitsbergen, resulting from the exceptional occurrence of a strong and cold wintry stratospheric polar vortex and unusual AO index positive phase. By comparing the snow chemical composition of the 2019–20 season with 2018–19 and 2020–21, we present an overview of the possible impact of AA on the Svalbard snowpack, and the related change in the aerosol production process.
期刊介绍:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and public discussion of high-quality studies investigating the Earth''s atmosphere and the underlying chemical and physical processes. It covers the altitude range from the land and ocean surface up to the turbopause, including the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere.
The main subject areas comprise atmospheric modelling, field measurements, remote sensing, and laboratory studies of gases, aerosols, clouds and precipitation, isotopes, radiation, dynamics, biosphere interactions, and hydrosphere interactions. The journal scope is focused on studies with general implications for atmospheric science rather than investigations that are primarily of local or technical interest.