Caitlin Irwin DO, Kate Beard RD, Louis Martin PhD, Kok Lim Kua MD, Katie Huff MD, MS
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The percentage of the baseline was calculated, and one-sample <i>t</i> tests and analysis of variance compared the effect of manual mixing and the duration of feeding on macronutrient delivery.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The delivery of fat and energy was lower over time, but manual mixing considerably improved retention. The length of feeding impacted fat delivery, with less fat delivered over time (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Manually mixing significantly increased fat delivery (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Similar results were found for energy, with a significant reduction in energy delivery over time (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and significantly more energy delivered with mixing (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Mixing and the duration of feeding had minimal effect on protein or carbohydrate delivery.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Bottle-feeding pump systems are associated with a significant reduction in the delivery of fat and energy of donor human milk. The manual mixing of donor human milk during prolonged feeds is a simple way to improve fat and energy delivery to the neonate.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11293984/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A simple step to improve fat and energy delivery of human milk delivered via bottle-feeding pump: An experimental study\",\"authors\":\"Caitlin Irwin DO, Kate Beard RD, Louis Martin PhD, Kok Lim Kua MD, Katie Huff MD, MS\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jpen.2659\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>Enteral feeding pump systems deliver decreased amounts of macronutrients in human milk to neonates. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：肠内喂养泵系统向新生儿输送的母乳中的常量营养素减少了。本研究确定了与奶瓶喂养泵系统相关的宏量营养素损失，以及在延长喂养时间期间手动混合母乳的效果：方法：使用母乳分析仪分析供体母乳样本中的宏量营养素含量。在喂食过程中，每隔 30 分钟手动搅拌一次奶瓶，重复进行模拟。计算基线百分比，并通过单样本 t 检验和方差分析比较人工搅拌和喂食持续时间对宏量营养素输送的影响：结果：随着时间的推移，脂肪和能量的输送量降低，但人工搅拌大大提高了保留率。喂食时间的长短影响脂肪的输送量，随着时间的推移脂肪输送量减少（P奶瓶喂养泵系统与供体母乳中脂肪和能量的输送显著减少有关。在长时间喂养期间手动混合供体母乳是改善新生儿脂肪和能量输送的一种简单方法。
A simple step to improve fat and energy delivery of human milk delivered via bottle-feeding pump: An experimental study
Background
Enteral feeding pump systems deliver decreased amounts of macronutrients in human milk to neonates. This study determined the macronutrient loss associated with a bottle-feeding pump system and the effect of manually mixing the human milk during extended feeds.
Methods
Macronutrient content from samples of donor human milk was analyzed after simulated extended feeds with a bottle-feeding pump system, using a human milk analyzer. Simulations were repeated using manual mixing of the bottle every 30 min during feeding. The percentage of the baseline was calculated, and one-sample t tests and analysis of variance compared the effect of manual mixing and the duration of feeding on macronutrient delivery.
Results
The delivery of fat and energy was lower over time, but manual mixing considerably improved retention. The length of feeding impacted fat delivery, with less fat delivered over time (P < 0.001). Manually mixing significantly increased fat delivery (P < 0.001). Similar results were found for energy, with a significant reduction in energy delivery over time (P < 0.001) and significantly more energy delivered with mixing (P < 0.001). Mixing and the duration of feeding had minimal effect on protein or carbohydrate delivery.
Conclusions
Bottle-feeding pump systems are associated with a significant reduction in the delivery of fat and energy of donor human milk. The manual mixing of donor human milk during prolonged feeds is a simple way to improve fat and energy delivery to the neonate.
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