产前接触多环芳烃与学龄时的执行功能:一项合并队列研究的结果

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Yu Ni , Adam A. Szpiro , Christine T. Loftus , Tomomi Workman , Alexis Sullivan , Erin R. Wallace , Anne M. Riederer , Drew B. Day , Laura E. Murphy , Ruby H.N. Nguyen , Sheela Sathyanarayana , Emily S. Barrett , Qi Zhao , Daniel A. Enquobahrie , Christopher Simpson , Shaikh I. Ahmad , Jessica A. Arizaga , Brent R. Collett , Karen J. Derefinko , Kurunthachalam Kannan , Catherine J. Karr
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景执行功能在儿童时期发展迅速,能够帮助儿童解决问题、集中注意力和制定计划。孕期接触环境有毒物质可能会损害儿童执行功能的健康发展。由于多环芳烃(PAHs)能穿过胎盘和胎儿血脑屏障,因此人们越来越关注多环芳烃,但流行病学研究的证据却很有限。方法我们研究了ECHO-PATHWAYS联合会两个美国队列中814名非吸烟母亲所生子女的产前多环芳烃暴露与执行功能之间的关系。对孕中期尿液中的七种单羟基多环芳烃代谢物进行了测定,并对其进行了单独分析和混合物分析。在 8-9 岁时测量了三个执行功能领域:认知灵活性、工作记忆和抑制控制。我们进一步计算了量化总体表现的综合得分。我们根据社会人口统计学、母亲健康行为和心理测量结果进行了线性回归,并研究了儿童性别和孕期生活压力事件的影响。我们进行了贝叶斯核机器回归,以估计多环芳烃混合物的交互效应和总体效应。结果线性回归的主要分析结果一般为空,没有发现儿童性别或母亲压力对其有任何影响。混合物分析表明,单个 PAH 代谢物之间在不同方向上对工作记忆有几种成对的交互作用,尤其是 2/3/9-FLUO 与其他 PAH 代谢物之间的交互作用,但总体或单个效应并不明显。尽管研究结果主要为空,但该研究对未来研究具有重要意义,并有助于发展有关疾病发育起源的科学。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and executive functions at school age: Results from a combined cohort study

Background

Executive functions develop rapidly in childhood, enabling problem-solving, focused attention, and planning. Exposures to environmental toxicants in pregnancy may impair healthy executive function development in children. There is increasing concern regarding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) given their ability to transfer across the placenta and the fetal blood-brain barrier, yet evidence from epidemiological studies is limited.

Methods

We examined associations between prenatal PAH exposure and executive functions in 814 children of non-smoking mothers from two U.S. cohorts in the ECHO-PATHWAYS Consortium. Seven mono-hydroxylated PAH metabolites were measured in mid-pregnancy urine and analyzed individually and as mixtures. Three executive function domains were measured at age 8–9: cognitive flexibility, working memory, and inhibitory control. A composite score quantifying overall performance was further calculated. We fitted linear regressions adjusted for socio-demographics, maternal health behaviors, and psychological measures, and examined modification by child sex and stressful life events in pregnancy. Bayesian kernel machine regression was performed to estimate the interactive and overall effects of the PAH mixture.

Results

The results from primary analysis of linear regressions were generally null, and no modification by child sex or maternal stress was indicated. Mixture analyses suggested several pairwise interactions between individual PAH metabolites in varied directions on working memory, particularly interactions between 2/3/9-FLUO and other PAH metabolites, but no overall or individual effects were evident.

Conclusion

We conducted a novel exploration of PAH-executive functions association in a large, combined sample from two cohorts. Although findings were predominantly null, the study carries important implications for future research and contributes to evolving science regarding developmental origins of diseases.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
151
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.
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