精英控制器微生物组:揭开关联和因果关系的神秘面纱。

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-12 DOI:10.1097/COH.0000000000000867
Xiangning Bai, Anders Sönnerborg, Piotr Nowak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述的目的:了解目前的知识以及肠道微生物组与精英控制者(EC)的HIV-1病毒学控制之间可能存在的联系,精英控制者在没有抗逆转录病毒疗法的情况下也能抑制病毒复制。此外,还要讨论当前研究的局限性,并提出未来的研究方向:EC在肠道细菌微生物群的组成和功能方面与接受过治疗的HIV-1病毒携带者(VP)不同。具体来说,EC与VP相比具有更丰富的细菌微生物群,而VP与HIV-1阴性健康对照组(HC)的微生物群非常相似。尽管现有的几项研究结果不尽相同,但在EC与VP或HC之间发现了不同的丰富细菌。这些数据暗示,肠道微生物组可能有助于自然抑制 HIV-1 感染。摘要:最近的研究证明,肠道微生物组与 HIV-1 病毒学控制之间存在关联。然而,目前还存在大量的知识空白,微生物组如何影响EC表型的内在机制也远未阐明。未来的研究应考虑多样化的微生物群落、复杂的微生物-宿主相互作用以及微生物组改变与 HIV-1 疾病进展之间尚未确定的因果联系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Elite controllers microbiome: unraveling the mystery of association and causation.

Purpose of review: To unravel the current knowledge and possible link between the gut microbiome and HIV-1 virological control in elite controllers (EC), who can suppress viral replication in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. In addition, to discuss the limitations of current research and propose future research directions.

Recent findings: EC possess a different gut bacterial microbiota profile in composition and functionality from that of treatment-naive HIV-1 viremic progressors (VP). Specifically, EC have a richer bacterial microbiota as compared to VP, which closely resembles the microbiota in HIV-1 negative healthy controls (HC). Differentially abundant bacteria are found between EC and VP or HC, though results vary among the few existing studies. These data imply that the gut microbiome could contribute to the natural suppression of HIV-1 infection.

Summary: An association between the gut microbiome and HIV-1 virological control is evidenced by recent studies. Yet, there are substantial knowledge gaps, and the underlying mechanism of how the microbiome influences the EC phenotype is far from clarified. Future research should consider diverse microbial communities, the complex microbe-host interactions, as well as yet-unidentified causal links between microbiome alterations and HIV-1 disease progression.

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