用于减轻食物过敏反应的奥马珠单抗:综述。

IF 3.3 Q2 ALLERGY
Frontiers in allergy Pub Date : 2024-05-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/falgy.2024.1409342
Hafsa Ghouri, Ashna Habib, Zainab Nazir, Nimerta Lohana, Aymar Akilimali
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引用次数: 0

摘要

食物过敏的发生率介于 2% 和 10% 之间,具体取决于年龄、地区、种族、患者自我报告的诊断方法或口服食物试验(OFCs)等特征。最常见的过敏是树坚果(1.2%)、牛奶(1.9%)、花生(2.2%)和贝类(1.3%)。奥马珠单抗注射液现已获得美国食品及药物管理局批准,用于治疗特定成人和一岁或以上儿童由免疫球蛋白 E 介导的食物过敏。这种药物可以降低过敏反应(I型)的风险,当一个人意外遇到一种或多种食物过敏原时,过敏反应可能包括过敏性休克。奥马珠单抗通过与 IgE 结合,改变 IgE 介导的途径,从而降低 IgE 引起过敏反应的能力。临床试验和病例研究结果表明,奥马珠单抗可降低过敏反应风险,增强对过敏原的耐受性。不过,奥马珠单抗可能会产生不良反应,因此需要密切观察。总之,本综述揭示了奥马珠单抗的疗效、安全性和临床意义,强调了其作为 IgE 介导的食物过敏的有效干预措施的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Omalizumab for the reduction of allergic reactions to foods: a narrative review.

The frequency of food allergies varies between 2% and 10%, depending on characteristics including age, region, race, and method of diagnosis self-reported by patients or oral food challenges (OFCs). The most common allergies reported are tree nuts (1.2%), milk (1.9%), peanuts (2.2%), and shellfish (1.3%). Omalizumab injection has now been approved by the FDA for the treatment of immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergies in specific adults and children aged one year or older. This medication reduces the risk of allergic reactions (Type I), which can include anaphylaxis, when an individual accidentally encounters one or more food allergens. Omalizumab functions by binding to IgE and altering IgE-mediated pathways, which lessens IgE's capacity to cause allergic reactions. Promising outcomes from clinical trials and case studies include lowered anaphylactic risk and enhanced tolerance to allergens. Omalizumab, however, may have adverse effects; thus, close observation is required. Overall, this review sheds light on the efficacy, safety, and clinical implications of omalizumab, highlighting its potential as a useful intervention for IgE-mediated food allergies.

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CiteScore
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