Chongxu Shi , Zhaozhi Wen , Yihang Yang , Linsheng Shi , Dong Liu
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In preclinical models, NAD + boosting can also expand the health span, prevent metabolic syndrome, and decrease blood pressure. Moreover, NAD + storage by genetic, pharmacological, or natural dietary NAD + -increasing strategies has recently been shown to be effective in improving the pathophysiology of cardiac and vascular health in different animal models, and human health. Here, we review and discuss NAD + -related mechanisms pivotal for vascular health and summarize recent experimental evidence in NAD + research directly related to vascular disease, including atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. Finally, we comparatively assess distinct NAD + precursors for their clinical efficacy and the efficiency of NAD + elevation in the treatment of major CVD. These findings may provide ideas for new therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat CVD in the clinic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72324,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis plus","volume":"57 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667089524000142/pdfft?md5=5c934b362462e68508d9d5357b0a38dc&pid=1-s2.0-S2667089524000142-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"NAD+ metabolism and therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular diseases\",\"authors\":\"Chongxu Shi , Zhaozhi Wen , Yihang Yang , Linsheng Shi , Dong Liu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.athplu.2024.06.001\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central and pleiotropic metabolite involved in cellular energy metabolism, cell signaling, DNA repair, and protein modifications. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Metabolic stress and aging directly affect the cardiovascular system. Compelling data suggest that NAD + levels decrease with age, obesity, and hypertension, which are all notable risk factors for CVD. In addition, the therapeutic elevation of NAD + levels reduces chronic low-grade inflammation, reactivates autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, and enhances oxidative metabolism in vascular cells of humans and rodents with vascular disorders. In preclinical models, NAD + boosting can also expand the health span, prevent metabolic syndrome, and decrease blood pressure. Moreover, NAD + storage by genetic, pharmacological, or natural dietary NAD + -increasing strategies has recently been shown to be effective in improving the pathophysiology of cardiac and vascular health in different animal models, and human health. Here, we review and discuss NAD + -related mechanisms pivotal for vascular health and summarize recent experimental evidence in NAD + research directly related to vascular disease, including atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. Finally, we comparatively assess distinct NAD + precursors for their clinical efficacy and the efficiency of NAD + elevation in the treatment of major CVD. These findings may provide ideas for new therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat CVD in the clinic.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":72324,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Atherosclerosis plus\",\"volume\":\"57 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 1-12\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667089524000142/pdfft?md5=5c934b362462e68508d9d5357b0a38dc&pid=1-s2.0-S2667089524000142-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Atherosclerosis plus\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667089524000142\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Atherosclerosis plus","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667089524000142","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD+)是一种参与细胞能量代谢、细胞信号传导、DNA 修复和蛋白质修饰的核心多效代谢物。心血管疾病(CVD)是导致全球死亡的主要原因。代谢压力和衰老直接影响心血管系统。令人信服的数据表明,NAD + 水平会随着年龄、肥胖和高血压的增加而降低,而这些都是心血管疾病的显著风险因素。此外,治疗性提高 NAD + 水平可减少慢性低度炎症,重新激活自噬和线粒体生物生成,并增强患有血管疾病的人类和啮齿动物血管细胞的氧化代谢。在临床前模型中,增加 NAD + 还能延长健康寿命、预防代谢综合征和降低血压。此外,通过遗传、药物或天然膳食增加 NAD + 的策略来储存 NAD + 最近已被证明能有效改善不同动物模型的心脏和血管健康的病理生理学以及人类健康。在此,我们回顾并讨论了对血管健康至关重要的 NAD + 相关机制,并总结了与血管疾病(包括动脉粥样硬化和冠状动脉疾病)直接相关的 NAD + 研究的最新实验证据。最后,我们比较评估了不同的 NAD + 前体在治疗主要心血管疾病方面的临床疗效和 NAD + 升高的效率。这些发现可能会为临床上预防和治疗心血管疾病的新治疗策略提供思路。
NAD+ metabolism and therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular diseases
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central and pleiotropic metabolite involved in cellular energy metabolism, cell signaling, DNA repair, and protein modifications. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Metabolic stress and aging directly affect the cardiovascular system. Compelling data suggest that NAD + levels decrease with age, obesity, and hypertension, which are all notable risk factors for CVD. In addition, the therapeutic elevation of NAD + levels reduces chronic low-grade inflammation, reactivates autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, and enhances oxidative metabolism in vascular cells of humans and rodents with vascular disorders. In preclinical models, NAD + boosting can also expand the health span, prevent metabolic syndrome, and decrease blood pressure. Moreover, NAD + storage by genetic, pharmacological, or natural dietary NAD + -increasing strategies has recently been shown to be effective in improving the pathophysiology of cardiac and vascular health in different animal models, and human health. Here, we review and discuss NAD + -related mechanisms pivotal for vascular health and summarize recent experimental evidence in NAD + research directly related to vascular disease, including atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. Finally, we comparatively assess distinct NAD + precursors for their clinical efficacy and the efficiency of NAD + elevation in the treatment of major CVD. These findings may provide ideas for new therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat CVD in the clinic.