M. Battistoni , F. Metruccio , F. Di Renzo , A. Moretto , R. Bacchetta , E. Menegola
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引用次数: 0
摘要
由于具有内分泌干扰活性,塑料添加剂双酚 A(BPA)被列为高度关注物质(欧盟欧洲化学品管理局,2017 年)。在人类和包括两栖动物 Xenopus laevis 在内的实验物种中,已描述了环境暴露于双酚 A 与先天缺陷之间的相关性,其中严重的分支缺陷与致死率有关。最近,X.laevis 胚胎接触双酚 A 类似物双酚 B(BPB)也会产生类似的致畸效应,双酚 B 的相对效力比双酚 A 高出约 3 倍。由于在人体样本和环境中都检测到了双酚 A 和双酚 B,因此双酚 A 和双酚 B 的综合暴露是现实存在的。关于双酚 A 和双酚 B 对发育的综合毒性,目前只有有限的实验数据。本研究的目的是利用 R-FETAX 程序,在 X. laevis 发育模型中评估双酚 A 和双酚 B 混合物的影响。暴露仅限于发育的第一天(相当于所有脊椎动物共同的系统发育时期)。在整个六天试验期间,对样本的致死效应进行监测,并在试验结束时对其外部形态进行评估。使用 PROAST 软件包建立模型来描述混合效应。总体数据建模表明,无法排除剂量依赖性,这表明共同接触会对健康产生影响。
Effects of combined exposure to two bisphenol plasticizers (BPA and BPB) on Xenopus laevis development
Due to its endocrine disruptive activity, the plastic additive Bisphenol A (BPA) is classified as substance of very high concern (EU ECHA 2017). A correlation between environmental exposure to BPA and congenital defects has been described in humans and in experimental species including the amphibian Xenopus laevis, where severe branchial defects were associated to lethality. The exposure of X. laevis embryos to the BPA analogue bisphenol B (BPB) was recently linked to similar teratogenic effects, with BPB having relative potency about 3 times higher than BPA. The combined BPA-BPB exposure is realistic as both BPA and BPB are detected in human samples and environment. Limited experimental data are available on the combined developmental toxicity of BPA and BPB. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the effects of BPA and BPB mixture in the X. laevis development model, using R-FETAX procedure. The exposure was limited to the first day of development (corresponding to the phylotypic developmental period, common to all vertebrates). Samples were monitored for lethal effects during the full six-day test period and the external morphology was evaluated at the end of the test. Mixture effects were described by modelling, using the PROAST software package. Overall data modelling showed that dose-addiction could not be rejected, suggesting a health concern for co-exposure.
期刊介绍:
Drawing from a large number of disciplines, Reproductive Toxicology publishes timely, original research on the influence of chemical and physical agents on reproduction. Written by and for obstetricians, pediatricians, embryologists, teratologists, geneticists, toxicologists, andrologists, and others interested in detecting potential reproductive hazards, the journal is a forum for communication among researchers and practitioners. Articles focus on the application of in vitro, animal and clinical research to the practice of clinical medicine.
All aspects of reproduction are within the scope of Reproductive Toxicology, including the formation and maturation of male and female gametes, sexual function, the events surrounding the fusion of gametes and the development of the fertilized ovum, nourishment and transport of the conceptus within the genital tract, implantation, embryogenesis, intrauterine growth, placentation and placental function, parturition, lactation and neonatal survival. Adverse reproductive effects in males will be considered as significant as adverse effects occurring in females. To provide a balanced presentation of approaches, equal emphasis will be given to clinical and animal or in vitro work. Typical end points that will be studied by contributors include infertility, sexual dysfunction, spontaneous abortion, malformations, abnormal histogenesis, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity, behavioral abnormalities, and perinatal mortality.