中国COVID-19疫苗强化剂对与Omicron变异株相关的临床结果的影响：横断面调查

IF 2.7 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI:10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100508

Haisu Feng , Jiayue Chen , Jiatong Sun, Yawen Jiang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

方法 2023 年 1 月，我们通过在线问卷调查了中国深圳的居民，了解他们的 COVID-19 症状和疫苗接种史。调查结果包括发热、其他 COVID-19 相关症状、症状严重程度、是否早期发病（2022 年 12 月 23 日之前）以及持续时间。根据接种剂量和接种时间，受访者被分为未接种、6 个月前接种过一次、6 个月内接种过一次或接种过两次。我们使用多变量逻辑回归和 Tobit 模型来评估 COVID-19 疫苗加强接种的影响。结果与无加强接种组相比，接种两次加强接种者的发热风险较低（OR = 0.35，95 %CI = 0.16-0.76），但 COVID-19 相关症状（OR = 0.74，95 %CI = 0.26-2.06）和自述严重症状（OR = 0.47，95 %CI = 0.19-1.15）的风险并不低。两种强化剂接受者的病程也较短（边际效应=-0.79 天，95 %CI =-1.65-0.07），症状出现延迟的风险较低（OR = 0.48，95 %CI = 0.19-1.23）。与无强化剂组相比，6 个月内强化一次（OR = 2.17，95 %CI = 1.34-3.52）和 6 个月前强化一次（OR = 1.30，95 %CI = 0.92-1.82）并未降低发烧和出现症状的风险（6 个月内强化一次：OR = 1.57，95 %CI = 0.84-2.90；六个月前加强一次：OR = 1.23，95 %CI = 0.79-1.93）。无论时间长短，接受一次强化治疗都不会缩短病程（六个月内：边际效应 = 0.25 天，95 %CI = -0.20-0.70；六个月前：边际效应 = 0.27 天，95 %CI = -0.08-0.62）。然而，在六个月内接受一次强化治疗可延迟症状的出现（OR = 0.54，95 %CI = 0.34-0.86），而六个月前接受一次强化治疗则不会延迟症状的出现（OR = 1.03，95 %CI = 0.74-1.44）。

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Impacts of COVID-19 vaccine boosters on clinical outcomes associated with the Omicron variant in China: A cross-sectional survey

Objective

To investigate the real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine boosters during China’s Omicron wave.

Methods

In January 2023, we surveyed Shenzhen, China residents via online questionnaires to investigate their COVID-19 symptoms and vaccination history. The outcomes of interest included fever, other COVID-19-related symptoms, severity of symptoms, whether early onset (before December 23, 2022) and duration. Respondents were categorized as no booster, one booster 6mo ago, one booster within 6mo, or two boosters based on dose count and vaccination timing. We used multivariable logistic regressions and Tobit models to assess COVID-19 vaccine booster impacts.

Results

Compared to the no booster group, two booster recipients had a lower fever risk (OR = 0.35, 95 %CI = 0.16–0.76) but not lower risks of COVID-19-related symptoms (OR = 0.74, 95 %CI = 0.26–2.06) and self-reported severe symptoms (OR = 0.47, 95 %CI = 0.19–1.15). Nor did the two booster recipients had a shorter illness duration (marginal effect = -0.79 days, 95 %CI = -1.65–0.07) and a lower risk of symptom onset delay (OR = 0.48, 95 %CI = 0.19–1.23). Compared to the no booster group, both one booster within six months (OR = 2.17, 95 %CI = 1.34–3.52) and one booster six months ago (OR = 1.30, 95 %CI = 0.92–1.82) did not reduce the risks of fever and symptoms (one booster within six months: OR = 1.57, 95 %CI = 0.84–2.90; one booster six months ago: OR = 1.23, 95 %CI = 0.79–1.93). Regardless of timing, one booster did not reduce illness duration (within six months: marginal effect = 0.25 days, 95 %CI = -0.20–0.70; six months ago: marginal effect = 0.27 days, 95 %CI = -0.08–0.62). However, receiving one booster within six months delayed symptom onset (OR = 0.54, 95 %CI = 0.34–0.86), while one booster six months ago did not (OR = 1.03, 95 %CI = 0.74–1.44).