Daily white tea intake reprograms hepatic metabolism and improves the enzymatic antioxidant defence system of rats with prediabetes

Background

Prediabetes (PrDM) poses a significant risk for the development of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Preventing the transition to type 2 DM is of utmost importance, and identifying novel dietary agents with both antioxidant and antidiabetic properties is crucial. This study aims to assess the potential of regular white tea (WTEA) consumption in alleviating the detrimental effects of PrDM on hepatic metabolism and redox state.

Methods

To achieve this, we divided 18 male Wistar rats into three groups: a control group and two prediabetes (PrDM) groups. In one of the PrDM groups, water consumption was replaced with white tea (WTEA). After a two-month period, we evaluated the hepatic metabolic profile using 1H NMR. Additionally, we measured total antioxidant potential, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and various oxidative parameters, including protein nitration and carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, and levels of H2A.X and phosphorylated H2A.X.

Results

PrDM induced a decline in hepatic catabolic metabolism and the activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, and levels of phosphorylated H2A.X. However, when PrDM rats consumed WTEA, a remarkable restoration occurred. Specifically, WTEA intake reinstated glutathione reductase and catalase activities and elevated superoxide dismutase activity in the liver compared to normoglycemic conditions. Moreover, enhancements were noted in overall antioxidant capacity and a reduction in lipid peroxidation in the rat liver.

Conclusion

PrDM significantly impacts liver metabolism and antioxidant defenses, but the consumption of WTEA, a plant-based functional beverage, exhibits potent hepatoprotective capabilities against PrDM-induced oxidative stress.