对阿联酋人口中 106 例零星听力损失病例的基因分析。

IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Abdelaziz Tlili, Mona Mahfood, Abdullah Al Mutery, Jihen Chouchen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:遗传性听力损失是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,在近亲结婚人群中发病率很高。尽管听力损失很普遍,但其遗传多样性却很明显,这给诊断和筛查带来了挑战,尤其是在没有明确家族史的病例中,或者当遗传变异的影响需要功能分析时,如错义突变和 UTR 变异。下一代测序技术(NGS)的出现改变了与包括听力损失在内的各种疾病相关的基因和变异的鉴定。然而,由于各种因素,包括测序覆盖面的局限性和我们对整个基因组知识的空白等,仍有很高比例的患者未被确诊。在这项研究中,我们的目标是在阿联酋的 106 名受影响者中全面鉴定与听力损失相关的基因和变异:在这项研究中,我们调查了 106 例散发性听力损伤病例,并进行了基因分析以确定致病突变。对这些病例中的 GJB2 基因进行筛查后发现,有 24 例患者的 GJB2 基因受累,并发现了特定的突变。对于没有 GJB2 基因突变的患者,则进行了全外显子组测序(WES)。WES 发现了 33 个基因变异,包括 6 个同源 DNA 变异和 27 个异源 DNA 变异,其中两个变异以前曾与听力损失有关,而 25 个变异则是新出现的。在一些病例中,我们还观察到不同基因间存在多个潜在的致病杂合变异。值得注意的是,相当一部分病例仍然没有潜在的致病变异:我们的研究结果证实了听力损失复杂的遗传结构,以及 WES 在实现 100% 诊断率方面的局限性,尤其是在以遗传异质性为特征的情况下。这些结果有助于我们了解听力损失的遗传基础,并强调了进一步研究和全面遗传分析的必要性,以阐明听力损失的根本原因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genetic analysis of 106 sporadic cases with hearing loss in the UAE population.

Background: Hereditary hearing loss is a rare hereditary condition that has a significant presence in consanguineous populations. Despite its prevalence, hearing loss is marked by substantial genetic diversity, which poses challenges for diagnosis and screening, particularly in cases with no clear family history or when the impact of the genetic variant requires functional analysis, such as in the case of missense mutations and UTR variants. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed the identification of genes and variants linked to various conditions, including hearing loss. However, there remains a high proportion of undiagnosed patients, attributable to various factors, including limitations in sequencing coverage and gaps in our knowledge of the entire genome, among other factors. In this study, our objective was to comprehensively identify the spectrum of genes and variants associated with hearing loss in a cohort of 106 affected individuals from the UAE.

Results: In this study, we investigated 106 sporadic cases of hearing impairment and performed genetic analyses to identify causative mutations. Screening of the GJB2 gene in these cases revealed its involvement in 24 affected individuals, with specific mutations identified. For individuals without GJB2 mutations, whole exome sequencing (WES) was conducted. WES revealed 33 genetic variants, including 6 homozygous and 27 heterozygous DNA changes, two of which were previously implicated in hearing loss, while 25 variants were novel. We also observed multiple potential pathogenic heterozygous variants across different genes in some cases. Notably, a significant proportion of cases remained without potential pathogenic variants.

Conclusions: Our findings confirm the complex genetic landscape of hearing loss and the limitations of WES in achieving a 100% diagnostic rate, especially in conditions characterized by genetic heterogeneity. These results contribute to our understanding of the genetic basis of hearing loss and emphasize the need for further research and comprehensive genetic analyses to elucidate the underlying causes of this condition.

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来源期刊
Human Genomics
Human Genomics GENETICS & HEREDITY-
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
2.20%
发文量
55
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Human Genomics is a peer-reviewed, open access, online journal that focuses on the application of genomic analysis in all aspects of human health and disease, as well as genomic analysis of drug efficacy and safety, and comparative genomics. Topics covered by the journal include, but are not limited to: pharmacogenomics, genome-wide association studies, genome-wide sequencing, exome sequencing, next-generation deep-sequencing, functional genomics, epigenomics, translational genomics, expression profiling, proteomics, bioinformatics, animal models, statistical genetics, genetic epidemiology, human population genetics and comparative genomics.
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