{"title":"自然灾害后爆发传染病：关于发病率、风险因素和建议的系统范围审查","authors":"Mohammad Saatchi , Hamid Reza Khankeh , Javad Shojafard , Arvin Barzanji , Maryam Ranjbar , Narges Nazari , Mohammad Azim Mahmodi , Shokoufeh Ahmadi , Mehrdad Farrokhi","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2024.100334","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Natural hazards can play a considerable role in the emergence and spread of infectious diseases (ID). There are various risk factors associated with disease outbreaks following disasters.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic analysis of communicable disease epidemic and their associated risk factors following disasters worldwide.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>This is a systematic review adhering to the PRISMA Scoping Review criteria, encompassing various types of descriptive and analytical research, such as cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, and ecological studies. Published articles to the end of March 2022 were searched on the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. The primary objective of this review was to examine the incidence and/or prevalence of ID following natural disasters.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After screening 12,151 titles, 72 articles were included in the final analysis. Increased ID incidence rates and outbreaks after floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical storms, heavy rainfall, hurricanes and tornadoes, extreme heat waves, and drought have been reported. Most commonly, outbreaks of diarrhea were reported after floods, followed by leptospirosis and malaria. After earthquakes, an increased incidence of upper and lower respiratory infections was recorded. Outbreaks of gastrointestinal infections and cutaneous leishmaniasis were noted after earthquakes. Tetanus, measles, and malaria epidemics occurred post-tsunami, while cholera and dengue fever were predominant after cyclonic events and monsoons. Socio-economic status, poor water supply, low sanitation & hygiene, poor food security, sex, age, occupation, and co-existing disease are important risk factors of epidemics after disasters.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This review outlines the important ID and major risk factors in the population exposed to natural disasters, providing valuable insights for policymakers and disaster risk managers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590061724000243/pdfft?md5=b9a11f747ee3d1183a0abdc8af30023b&pid=1-s2.0-S2590061724000243-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Communicable diseases outbreaks after natural disasters: A systematic scoping review for incidence, risk factors and recommendations\",\"authors\":\"Mohammad Saatchi , Hamid Reza Khankeh , Javad Shojafard , Arvin Barzanji , Maryam Ranjbar , Narges Nazari , Mohammad Azim Mahmodi , Shokoufeh Ahmadi , Mehrdad Farrokhi\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.pdisas.2024.100334\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Natural hazards can play a considerable role in the emergence and spread of infectious diseases (ID). 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Increased ID incidence rates and outbreaks after floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical storms, heavy rainfall, hurricanes and tornadoes, extreme heat waves, and drought have been reported. Most commonly, outbreaks of diarrhea were reported after floods, followed by leptospirosis and malaria. After earthquakes, an increased incidence of upper and lower respiratory infections was recorded. Outbreaks of gastrointestinal infections and cutaneous leishmaniasis were noted after earthquakes. Tetanus, measles, and malaria epidemics occurred post-tsunami, while cholera and dengue fever were predominant after cyclonic events and monsoons. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景自然灾害在传染病（ID）的出现和传播中起着相当大的作用。本研究旨在对全球范围内灾害发生后传染病的流行及其相关风险因素进行全面系统的分析。方法这是一篇符合 PRISMA 范围审查标准的系统性综述，包括各种类型的描述性和分析性研究，如横断面研究、病例对照研究、队列研究和生态研究。在 Web of Science、PubMed 和 Scopus 上检索了截至 2022 年 3 月底发表的文章。本综述的主要目的是研究自然灾害后ID的发病率和/或流行率。结果在筛选了12151篇文章后，最终分析纳入了72篇文章。有报道称，洪水、地震、海啸、热带风暴、暴雨、飓风和龙卷风、极端热浪和干旱之后，ID 的发病率和爆发率有所上升。最常见的是洪灾后爆发腹泻，其次是钩端螺旋体病和疟疾。据记录，地震后上下呼吸道感染的发病率增加。地震后爆发了胃肠道感染和皮肤利什曼病。破伤风、麻疹和疟疾在海啸后流行，而霍乱和登革热则在飓风和季风后流行。社会经济状况、供水不足、卫生条件差、卫生条件差、食品安全状况差、性别、年龄、职业和并存疾病是灾后流行病的重要风险因素。 结论 本综述概述了受自然灾害影响人口的重要特征和主要风险因素，为政策制定者和灾害风险管理者提供了宝贵的见解。
Communicable diseases outbreaks after natural disasters: A systematic scoping review for incidence, risk factors and recommendations
Background
Natural hazards can play a considerable role in the emergence and spread of infectious diseases (ID). There are various risk factors associated with disease outbreaks following disasters.
Objective
This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic analysis of communicable disease epidemic and their associated risk factors following disasters worldwide.
Method
This is a systematic review adhering to the PRISMA Scoping Review criteria, encompassing various types of descriptive and analytical research, such as cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, and ecological studies. Published articles to the end of March 2022 were searched on the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. The primary objective of this review was to examine the incidence and/or prevalence of ID following natural disasters.
Results
After screening 12,151 titles, 72 articles were included in the final analysis. Increased ID incidence rates and outbreaks after floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical storms, heavy rainfall, hurricanes and tornadoes, extreme heat waves, and drought have been reported. Most commonly, outbreaks of diarrhea were reported after floods, followed by leptospirosis and malaria. After earthquakes, an increased incidence of upper and lower respiratory infections was recorded. Outbreaks of gastrointestinal infections and cutaneous leishmaniasis were noted after earthquakes. Tetanus, measles, and malaria epidemics occurred post-tsunami, while cholera and dengue fever were predominant after cyclonic events and monsoons. Socio-economic status, poor water supply, low sanitation & hygiene, poor food security, sex, age, occupation, and co-existing disease are important risk factors of epidemics after disasters.
Conclusion
This review outlines the important ID and major risk factors in the population exposed to natural disasters, providing valuable insights for policymakers and disaster risk managers.
期刊介绍：
Progress in Disaster Science is a Gold Open Access journal focusing on integrating research and policy in disaster research, and publishes original research papers and invited viewpoint articles on disaster risk reduction; response; emergency management and recovery.
A key part of the Journal's Publication output will see key experts invited to assess and comment on the current trends in disaster research, as well as highlight key papers.
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