Mariana de Almeida Torres , Anne Dax , Ingrid Grand , Colette vom Berg , Ernani Pinto , Elisabeth M.-L Janssen
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We studied acute lethal and sublethal effects measured as impaired mobility on the freshwater microcrustaceans <em>Thamnocephalus platyurus</em> for metabolite mixtures from two cyanobacterial strains, a microcystin (MC) producer and a non-MC producer. Both cyanobacterial extracts, from the MC-producer and non-MC-producer, caused acute toxicity with LC<sub>50</sub> (24 h) values of 0.50 and 2.55 mg<sub>dw_biomass</sub>/mL, respectively, and decreased locomotor activity. Evaluating the contribution of different cyanopeptides revealed that the Micropeptin-K139-dominated fraction from the MC-producer extract contributed significantly to mortality and locomotor impairment of the microcrustaceans, with potential mixture effect with other cyanopeptolins present in this fraction. In the non-MC-producer extract, compounds present in the apolar fraction contributed mainly to mortality, locomotor impairment, and morphological changes in the antennae of the microcrustacean. No lethal or sublethal effects were observed in the fractions dominated by other cyanopetides (Cyanopeptolin 959, Nostoginin BN741). Our findings contribute to the growing body of research indicating that cyanobacterial metabolites beyond traditional cyanotoxins cause detrimental effects. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
蓝藻的大量繁殖,即所谓的藻华,是全世界关注的问题。在蓝藻藻华期间,最关键的问题之一是产生有毒的次级代谢物,这些代谢物不仅限于世界卫生组织认定的四种蓝藻毒素。这些代谢物包括多种具有生物活性功能的不同结构的化合物。这些代谢物和共同产生的混合物对人类和生态系统健康造成的潜在风险在很大程度上仍然未知。我们研究了两种蓝藻菌株(一种是微囊藻毒素(MC)生产者,另一种是非 MC 生产者)的代谢物混合物对淡水微型甲壳类动物 Thamnocephalus platyurus 的急性致死效应和亚致死效应(以活动能力受损来衡量)。来自微囊藻毒素生产者和非微囊藻毒素生产者的两种蓝藻提取物都具有急性毒性,半数致死浓度(24 小时)分别为 0.50 和 2.55 mgdw_biomass/mL,并降低了运动活性。对不同蓝藻肽的作用进行评估后发现,MC-producer 提取物中以微肽-K139 为主的馏分对微壳类动物的死亡和运动机能损伤有显著影响,该馏分中的其他蓝藻肽可能具有混合效应。在非 MC 生成物萃取物中,极性馏分中的化合物主要导致了微甲壳动物的死亡、运动障碍和触角的形态变化。在以其他氰酮类化合物(氰肽素 959、Nostoginin BN741)为主的馏分中未观察到致死或亚致死效应。越来越多的研究表明,除传统的蓝藻毒素外,蓝藻代谢物也会产生有害影响。这凸显了对此类化合物进行毒理学评估(包括亚致死水平的评估)的重要性。
Lethal and behavioral effects of semi-purified microcystins, Micropeptin and apolar compounds from cyanobacteria on freshwater microcrustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus
The mass proliferation of cyanobacteria, episodes known as blooms, is a concern worldwide. One of the most critical aspects during these blooms is the production of toxic secondary metabolites that are not limited to the four cyanotoxins recognized by the World Health Organization. These metabolites comprise a wide range of structurally diverse compounds that possess bioactive functions. Potential human and ecosystem health risks posed by these metabolites and co-produced mixtures remain largely unknown. We studied acute lethal and sublethal effects measured as impaired mobility on the freshwater microcrustaceans Thamnocephalus platyurus for metabolite mixtures from two cyanobacterial strains, a microcystin (MC) producer and a non-MC producer. Both cyanobacterial extracts, from the MC-producer and non-MC-producer, caused acute toxicity with LC50 (24 h) values of 0.50 and 2.55 mgdw_biomass/mL, respectively, and decreased locomotor activity. Evaluating the contribution of different cyanopeptides revealed that the Micropeptin-K139-dominated fraction from the MC-producer extract contributed significantly to mortality and locomotor impairment of the microcrustaceans, with potential mixture effect with other cyanopeptolins present in this fraction. In the non-MC-producer extract, compounds present in the apolar fraction contributed mainly to mortality, locomotor impairment, and morphological changes in the antennae of the microcrustacean. No lethal or sublethal effects were observed in the fractions dominated by other cyanopetides (Cyanopeptolin 959, Nostoginin BN741). Our findings contribute to the growing body of research indicating that cyanobacterial metabolites beyond traditional cyanotoxins cause detrimental effects. This underscores the importance of toxicological assessments of such compounds, also at sublethal levels.
期刊介绍:
Aquatic Toxicology publishes significant contributions that increase the understanding of the impact of harmful substances (including natural and synthetic chemicals) on aquatic organisms and ecosystems.
Aquatic Toxicology considers both laboratory and field studies with a focus on marine/ freshwater environments. We strive to attract high quality original scientific papers, critical reviews and expert opinion papers in the following areas: Effects of harmful substances on molecular, cellular, sub-organismal, organismal, population, community, and ecosystem level; Toxic Mechanisms; Genetic disturbances, transgenerational effects, behavioral and adaptive responses; Impacts of harmful substances on structure, function of and services provided by aquatic ecosystems; Mixture toxicity assessment; Statistical approaches to predict exposure to and hazards of contaminants
The journal also considers manuscripts in other areas, such as the development of innovative concepts, approaches, and methodologies, which promote the wider application of toxicological datasets to the protection of aquatic environments and inform ecological risk assessments and decision making by relevant authorities.