群体(不)效能在控制偏差方面对群体凝聚力和社会认同管理策略的作用:社会控制身份动机模型

Isabel R. Pinto, José M. Marques
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引用次数: 0

摘要

社会控制认同动机(SCIM)模型提出,如果认为群体社会控制机制未能惩罚偏差行为,就会增加与群体中出现偏差行为相关的威胁。基于这一假设,该模型解释了已实施的正式社会控制与群体成员基于社会认同动机所期望实施的机制之间的匹配或不匹配对社会凝聚力和社会认同管理策略产生的后果所涉及的社会心理过程。这一模型解释了成员对加强内群体社会秩序和现状的承诺(在匹配的情况下),或应对内群体正式社会控制无效感的需要(在不匹配的情况下)。为了应对内群体正式社会控制的无效感,个体可能会采取各种身份动机,包括脱离内群体、非正式社会控制反应,或通过社会创新或社会控制机制强化来加强内群体的规范体系。通过说明正式社会控制机制与身份动机的社会控制预期之间的相互作用,SCIM 模型旨在通过强调群体社会控制机制的(失效)影响了这一动态,从而有助于理解应对偏差的社会身份保护策略。该模型有直接和间接的经验支持,我们讨论了该模型的潜在适用性,以及进行更多研究以了解每种反应类型的决定因素的必要性,从而为该模型的潜在完善提供了可能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The role of group (in)efficacy in controlling deviance on group cohesion and on social identity management strategies: Social control identity motivated model
The social control identity motivated (SCIM) model proposes that perceived failure of group social control mechanisms in punishing deviance increases the threat associated with the emergence of deviance in groups. Based on this assumption, this model explains the psychosocial processes involved in the consequences for social cohesion and social identity management strategies of a match or mismatch between the implemented formal social control and the mechanisms that group members expect to be implemented based on social identity motivation processes. This model explains members’ commitment to the reinforcement of ingroup social order and status quo (in case of a match), or a need to cope with perceived inefficacy of ingroup formal social control (in case of mismatch). In response to perceived inefficacy of ingroup formal social control, individuals may engage in various identity-motivated processes, including disinvestment from the ingroup, informal social control responses, or efforts to strengthen the ingroup’s normative system through social innovation or social control mechanisms reinforcement. By accounting for the interplay between formal social control mechanisms and identity motivated social control expectations, the SCIM model intends to contribute to the understanding of social identity protective strategies in response to deviance, by highlighting that (in)efficacy of group social control mechanisms shapes this dynamic. This model is justified with both direct and indirect empirical support, and we discuss the potential of the model’s applicability, as well as the need for additional research to understand determinants of each type of response, thus leaving this model open to potential refinement.
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