小腿乳头状瘤:病例报告和文献综述

S. Bourabaa, O. Bourouail, Othman Arsalan, Zakaria Elbarkaoui, N. Rguieg, Amine Souadka
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摘要

毛母细胞瘤(Pilomatricoma,PMC)是一种良性附件真皮或皮下肿瘤,来源于未成熟的毛母细胞。在大多数系列中,它约占所有毛囊肿瘤的20%,因此是最常见的毛囊肿瘤。然而,由于软组织中更常见的病理情况的普遍性,对它的诊断仍然十分复杂。解剖病理学检查是一项宝贵的资产,可以提供明确而肯定的诊断。 我们在此介绍一例无病史的 17 岁患者,他在右小腿出现肿胀后被转诊至我们的医疗单位。核磁共振成像结果显示,患者右小腿有一个皮下结节。经皮活检后,最终确诊为 PMC。手术成功切除了肿瘤,术后效果良好。 PMC通常表现为肉色至白色、坚实的丘疹或丘疹性荨麻疹,其上可能覆盖有粉红色至蓝色的色调。核磁共振成像在诊断中起着至关重要的作用,因为它能勾勒出肿瘤与皮肤和肌肉分区的范围。术前组织学确认对于排除其他可能的诊断和精确确定所需的切除边缘至关重要。 PMC在普外科并不常见。不过,普外科医生在评估软组织肿块时应熟知这种良性肿瘤。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Pilomatricoma of the calf: A case report and review of literature
Pilomatricoma (PMC) is a benign adnexal dermal or subcutaneous tumor which is derived from immature hair matrix cells. It makes up around 20% of all tumors related to hair follicles in most series and is therefore the most common hair-follicle neoplasm. Nevertheless, diagnosing it remains intricate due to the prevalence of more frequent pathological conditions in soft-tissue. Anatomopathological examination proves to be a valuable asset, offering a definitive and certain diagnosis. We hereby present a case of a 17-year-old patient with no medical history, who was referred to our medical unit subsequent to the emergence of swelling in the right calf. MRI results highlighted the presence of a subcutaneous nodule situated on the right calf. Following a percutaneous biopsy, the diagnosis of PMC was definitively confirmed. A successful surgical excision of the tumor was performed, and the postoperative progress demonstrated positive outcomes. PMC usually appears as flesh-colored to white, firm papules or papulonodules that may have an overlying pink to blue hue. MRI plays a crucial role in diagnosis, as it delineates the tumor’s extent in relation to the skin and muscle compartments. Preoperative histological confirmation is essential to rule out other potential diagnoses and precisely establish the required resection margins. PMC is an infrequent occurrence in general surgery departments. General surgeons should, however, be well-acquainted with this benign tumor while assessing soft tissue masses.
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