地质对家用地下水水质的影响:肯尼亚综述。

IF 3 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Patrick Kirita Gevera, Ednah Kwamboka Onyari
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引用次数: 0

摘要

与其他撒哈拉以南国家一样,肯尼亚的人口也在迅速增长。由于地表水越来越不可靠,家庭和工业用水越来越依赖地下水资源。尽管该国不同地区报告了几种已知的污染物,但还没有研究试图将不同地质省份的地下水质量联系起来。本综述对肯尼亚不同地质对供人类饮用的地下水水质的影响进行了批判性综合。为此,我们通过研究和政府数据库对已发表的期刊论文和其他研究资料进行了审查。根据主要地质带对地下水进行了分类,包括太古宙火山岩尼安齐安克拉通、新生代变质莫桑比克移动带(MMB)和火山基西群、古生代和中生代沉积物以及第三纪火山裂谷。这些地区的地下水水质显示,大裂谷和尼亚齐安克拉通的火山含水层以及莫桑比克移动带的变质含水层具有高浓度氟化物(F-)的特征,矿物溶解是氟化物释放的主要过程。在多金属结核区的变质含水层以及古生代和中生代沉积含水层中,高盐度很常见,矿物溶解和海水入侵是造成盐度的常见原因。据报告,沉积含水层和变质含水层的局部地区还存在其他污染物,如铅和铁。大肠杆菌(E. coli)、三氧化二氮(NO3-)和二氧化氮(NO2-)等人为污染物在城市地区大多数非正规住区的浅层地下水资源中很常见。由于受影响地区存在氟中毒、高血压和腹泻(由于高氟和高盐度)等重点污染物对健康的影响,本综述强调,任何依赖地下水资源的国家都需要制定积极的水资源管理计划,以确定其所有水资源中是否存在针对特定地区的潜在有害化学元素和缓解措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The influence of geology on the quality of groundwater for domestic use: a Kenyan review.

Kenya's population, akin to other Sub-Saharan countries, is rapidly growing. With the increasing unreliability of surface water, groundwater resources are becoming highly relied on for domestic and industrial use. Despite several known contaminants reported in different parts of the country, no study has attempted to correlate groundwater quality in the different geological provinces. This review critically synthesizes the influence of Kenya's diverse geology on groundwater quality for human consumption. This was achieved through a review of published journal articles and other research material through research and government databases. Groundwater was categorised based on the major geological provinces including the Archaean volcanic Nyanzian Craton, the Proterozoic metamorphic Mozambique Mobile Belt (MMB) and volcanic Kisii Group, the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sediments, and Tertiary volcanic Rift Valley. Groundwater quality in these regions showed a characteristic high concentration of fluoride (F-) in volcanic aquifers of the Rift Valley and Nyazian Craton and metamorphic aquifers of the MMB, where mineral dissolution was the main process of F- release. High salinity was common in metamorphic aquifers in the MMB and the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary aquifers where mineral dissolution and seawater intrusion were the common contributors to salinity. Other contaminants such as lead and iron were reported in localised areas in the sedimentary and metamorphic aquifers, respectively. Anthropogenic contaminants such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), NO3 -, and NO2 - were common in shallow groundwater resources in most informal settlements in urban areas. Due to the presence of health implications, of the highlighted contaminants, such as fluorosis, high blood pressure and diarrhoea (due to high F- and salinity) in affected regions, this review highlights the need for an active water resource management program in any country relying on groundwater resources to determine the presence of all region-specific potentially harmful chemical elements and mitigation measures in all its water resources.

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来源期刊
Reviews on Environmental Health
Reviews on Environmental Health Social Sciences-Health (social science)
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
2.60%
发文量
75
期刊介绍: Reviews on Environmental Health (REVEH) is an international peer-reviewed journal that aims to fill the need for publication of review articles on hot topics in the field of environmental health. Reviews on Environmental Health aims to be an inspiring forum for scientists, environmentalists, physicians, engineers, and students who are concerned with aspects of human health, including quality of life, that are determined by physiological and psychosociological interactions between man and physical, chemical, biological, and social factors in the environment. Reviews on Environmental Health is an important niche served by no other journal, that’s being a site where thoughtful reviews can be published on a variety of subjects related to both health and environment. One challenge is to bridge the research on environmental causes of disease with the clinical practice of medicine. Reviews on Environmental Health is a source of integrated information on environment and health subjects that will be of value to the broad scientific community, whether students, junior and senior professionals, or clinicians.
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