{"title":"过渡性就业还是核心职业?研究区分晚年职业转换的预测因素。","authors":"Yun Taek Oh","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbae104","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Bridge employment and encore careers are 2 prevalent retirement pathways that have different goals and outcomes. Yet, \"changing jobs in later life\" is the shared prequel that blurs the distinction between them in empirical studies. This study proposes a set of criteria-voluntariness of career transition and the duration of work in the posttransition job-to distinguish various retirement pathways and investigates the predictors that distinguish the workers' choice of these pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>I conducted multinomial logistic regression to examine the predictors that distinguish between bridge employment, encore career, and direct workforce exit using the longitudinal sample of respondents with full-time career jobs in the Health and Retirement Study 1992-2020 (HRS, N = 2,038). To examine the predictors that distinguish between bridge employment and encore careers, I conducted logistic regression on the subsample of respondents who chose either bridge employment or encore careers (n = 927).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that the accumulated human capital from career jobs, physical and mental health conditions before leaving career jobs, and self-identified retirement status when transitioning to new jobs distinguish the workers' choices of taking on different retirement pathways.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Maintaining the labor force participation of older workers is an important human resource agenda for policymakers. This study suggests that increasing the number of quality jobs for older workers would promote bridge employment and encore careers by raising the benefits of making career transitions as well as improving older workers' health.</p>","PeriodicalId":56111,"journal":{"name":"Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11226993/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Bridge Employment or Encore Career? Examining Predictors That Distinguish Later-Life Career Transitions.\",\"authors\":\"Yun Taek Oh\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/geronb/gbae104\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Bridge employment and encore careers are 2 prevalent retirement pathways that have different goals and outcomes. Yet, \\\"changing jobs in later life\\\" is the shared prequel that blurs the distinction between them in empirical studies. This study proposes a set of criteria-voluntariness of career transition and the duration of work in the posttransition job-to distinguish various retirement pathways and investigates the predictors that distinguish the workers' choice of these pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>I conducted multinomial logistic regression to examine the predictors that distinguish between bridge employment, encore career, and direct workforce exit using the longitudinal sample of respondents with full-time career jobs in the Health and Retirement Study 1992-2020 (HRS, N = 2,038). To examine the predictors that distinguish between bridge employment and encore careers, I conducted logistic regression on the subsample of respondents who chose either bridge employment or encore careers (n = 927).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that the accumulated human capital from career jobs, physical and mental health conditions before leaving career jobs, and self-identified retirement status when transitioning to new jobs distinguish the workers' choices of taking on different retirement pathways.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Maintaining the labor force participation of older workers is an important human resource agenda for policymakers. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目标:过渡性就业和再就业是两种普遍存在的退休途径,它们有着不同的目标和结果。然而,在实证研究中,"晚年换工作 "是模糊两者之间区别的共同前奏。本研究提出了一套标准--职业转换的自愿性和转换后工作的持续时间--来区分各种退休途径,并研究了区分劳动者选择这些途径的预测因素:我利用 1992-2020 年健康与退休研究(Health and Retirement Study 1992-2020,HRS,N=2,038)中从事全职工作的受访者纵向样本,进行了多项式逻辑回归,以研究区分过渡就业、再就业和直接退出劳动力队伍的预测因素。为了研究区分过渡性就业和安康职业的预测因素,我对选择过渡性就业或安康职业的受访者子样本(n = 927)进行了逻辑回归:结果表明,职业工作中积累的人力资本、离开职业工作前的身体和精神健康状况以及过渡到新工作时自我认定的退休状态是劳动者选择不同退休途径的区别所在:保持老年劳动者的劳动力参与是政策制定者的一项重要人力资源议程。这项研究表明,增加老年工人的优质工作岗位数量,将通过提高职业过渡的收益和改善老年工人的健康状况,促进过渡就业和再就业。
Bridge Employment or Encore Career? Examining Predictors That Distinguish Later-Life Career Transitions.
Objectives: Bridge employment and encore careers are 2 prevalent retirement pathways that have different goals and outcomes. Yet, "changing jobs in later life" is the shared prequel that blurs the distinction between them in empirical studies. This study proposes a set of criteria-voluntariness of career transition and the duration of work in the posttransition job-to distinguish various retirement pathways and investigates the predictors that distinguish the workers' choice of these pathways.
Methods: I conducted multinomial logistic regression to examine the predictors that distinguish between bridge employment, encore career, and direct workforce exit using the longitudinal sample of respondents with full-time career jobs in the Health and Retirement Study 1992-2020 (HRS, N = 2,038). To examine the predictors that distinguish between bridge employment and encore careers, I conducted logistic regression on the subsample of respondents who chose either bridge employment or encore careers (n = 927).
Results: The results show that the accumulated human capital from career jobs, physical and mental health conditions before leaving career jobs, and self-identified retirement status when transitioning to new jobs distinguish the workers' choices of taking on different retirement pathways.
Discussion: Maintaining the labor force participation of older workers is an important human resource agenda for policymakers. This study suggests that increasing the number of quality jobs for older workers would promote bridge employment and encore careers by raising the benefits of making career transitions as well as improving older workers' health.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences publishes articles on development in adulthood and old age that advance the psychological science of aging processes and outcomes. Articles have clear implications for theoretical or methodological innovation in the psychology of aging or contribute significantly to the empirical understanding of psychological processes and aging. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, attitudes, clinical applications, cognition, education, emotion, health, human factors, interpersonal relations, neuropsychology, perception, personality, physiological psychology, social psychology, and sensation.