杰克-伦敦和厄普顿-辛克莱作品中实现社会公正的革命和进化方式背后的哲学思想

George Shaduri
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摘要

美国进步时代的两位著名作家杰克-伦敦和厄普顿-辛克莱以社会正义为主题,写下了具有里程碑意义的作品。他们将社会主义作为社会发展的终极目标,但在实现这一目标的途径和方法上却各持己见。伦敦主张革命的政治斗争方式,而辛克莱尔则倾向于更民主的方式(选举)。这种观点上的差异反映在他们小说主人公的性格以及后者的哲学思想上。文章探讨了这些哲学如何与作家年轻时的偶像联系在一起:关键词:革命、社会主义、尼采主义、耶稣基督、"红色野兽"、"心中的社会主义者"。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Philosophies behind Revolutionary and Evolutionary Ways towards Social Justice in the Works of Jack London and Upton Sinclair
Two prominent American writers of the Progressive Era, Jack London and Upton Sinclair, wrote their landmark works on the topic of social justice. Setting socialism as the ultimate goal of the development of society, their visions differed in terms of the ways and methods of achieving this goal. London advocated revolutionary ways of political struggle, while Sinclair preferred more democratic methods (elections). This difference in the visions was reflected in the personalities of the protagonists of their novels as well as the philosophies of the latter. The article explores how these philosophies are linked to the idols of the writers’ youth: Friedrich Nietzsche (London’s) and Jesus Christ (Sinclair’s) and shows that for them the ideas of these idols are a matter of belief, rather than that of reason.Keywords: revolution, socialism, Nietzscheanism, Jesus Christ, ‘the red beast’, ‘the socialist of heart’
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