嗅结节中的内源性阿片类物质及其在嗅觉和生活质量中的作用

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Frontiers in Neural Circuits Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI:10.3389/fncir.2024.1408189

Koshi Murata, Ayako Maegawa, Yoshimasa Imoto, Shigeharu Fujieda, Yugo Fukazawa

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引用次数: 0

摘要

嗅觉功能障碍会降低进食的乐趣，从而降低日常生活质量（QOL）。嗅觉在味觉和可口性方面起着至关重要的作用。据推测，嗅觉功能障碍导致的生活质量下降是大脑嗅觉和边缘区域神经活动异常以及外周气味受体功能障碍的结果。然而，具体的潜在神经生物学机制仍不清楚。由于嗅小管（OT）是内源性阿片类物质高表达的大脑区域之一，我们推测嗅觉功能障碍导致 QOL 下降的内在机制涉及到嗅小管神经活动的减少以及随后专门亚区域内源性阿片类物质的释放。在这篇综述中，我们概述了嗅觉障碍、内源性阿片系统和大脑中的快感系统，并介绍了这些方面的最新进展，然后讨论了我们的假设。为了促进嗅觉功能障碍和生活质量下降的有效治疗，阐明通过味觉获得进食快感的神经生物学机制至关重要。

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Endogenous opioids in the olfactory tubercle and their roles in olfaction and quality of life

Olfactory dysfunctions decrease daily quality of life (QOL) in part by reducing the pleasure of eating. Olfaction plays an essential role in flavor sensation and palatability. The decreased QOL due to olfactory dysfunction is speculated to result from abnormal neural activities in the olfactory and limbic areas of the brain, as well as peripheral odorant receptor dysfunctions. However, the specific underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. As the olfactory tubercle (OT) is one of the brain’s regions with high expression of endogenous opioids, we hypothesize that the mechanism underlying the decrease in QOL due to olfactory dysfunction involves the reduction of neural activity in the OT and subsequent endogenous opioid release in specialized subregions. In this review, we provide an overview and recent updates on the OT, the endogenous opioid system, and the pleasure systems in the brain and then discuss our hypothesis. To facilitate the effective treatment of olfactory dysfunctions and decreased QOL, elucidation of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the pleasure of eating through flavor sensation is crucial.

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Neural Circuits NEUROSCIENCES-

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

5.70%

发文量

135

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Neural Circuits publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research on the emergent properties of neural circuits - the elementary modules of the brain. Specialty Chief Editors Takao K. Hensch and Edward Ruthazer at Harvard University and McGill University respectively, are supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics and the public worldwide. Frontiers in Neural Circuits launched in 2011 with great success and remains a "central watering hole" for research in neural circuits, serving the community worldwide to share data, ideas and inspiration. Articles revealing the anatomy, physiology, development or function of any neural circuitry in any species (from sponges to humans) are welcome. Our common thread seeks the computational strategies used by different circuits to link their structure with function (perceptual, motor, or internal), the general rules by which they operate, and how their particular designs lead to the emergence of complex properties and behaviors. Submissions focused on synaptic, cellular and connectivity principles in neural microcircuits using multidisciplinary approaches, especially newer molecular, developmental and genetic tools, are encouraged. Studies with an evolutionary perspective to better understand how circuit design and capabilities evolved to produce progressively more complex properties and behaviors are especially welcome. The journal is further interested in research revealing how plasticity shapes the structural and functional architecture of neural circuits.